Table 2.

Eligible RCTs where myo-inositol and/or D-chiro-inositol have been evaluated for the treatment of PCOS patients undergoing ART.

Ref	Study design	Duration	Treatment	Number of subjects	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria	Assessment of the response
[25]	Randomized, controlled	During ovulation induction for ICSI	Treated group: Myo-Ins 4 g + FA 400 µg/d Control group: FA 400 µg/d	Number = 60 Treated: 30 Control: 30	Age: <40 years, PCOS, oligo/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, hyperandrogenemia, typical features of ovaries on ultrasound scan	Hyperinsulinemia, hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, androgen excess due to adrenal hyperplasia or Cushing syndrome	E2, stimulation (days), FSH IU Number of retrieved oocytes Number of MII, number of immature oocytes Number of embryos grade 1, embryo cleavage rate, fertilization rate Number of biochemical pregnancies Number of abortion cancellation rate Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
[26]	Double-blind randomized controlled	12 weeks	Treated group: Myo-Ins 4 g + FA 400 μg/d Control group: FA 400 μg/d	Number = 34 Treated: 17 Control: 17	Age: <40 years, PCOS, oligo/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, hyperandrogenemia, typical features of ovaries on ultrasound scan	Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, androgen-secreting cancers, adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing syndrome	E2, total r-FSH Number of follicles with a diameter >15 mm Number of oocytes retrieved Number of immature oocytes Number of embryos grade 1 Number of transferred embryos Number of biochemical pregnancies
[27]	Randomized, controlled	24 weeks	Treated group: Myo-Ins 4 g + FA 400 µg/d Control group: metformin 1.5 g/d	Number = 120 Treated: 60 Control: 60	Age: <35 years, PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria	Hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, androgen excess, adrenal hyperplasia or Cushing's syndrome, tubal defects, semen parameters defects	Restoration of spontaneous ovarian activity by weekly serum P dosage and a transvaginal ultrasound scan documenting the presence of follicular growth or luteal cyst Number of pregnancies Abortion rate
[28]	Randomized controlled	8 weeks before r-FSH	Treated group: D-chiro-Ins 300, 600, 1200, and 2400 mg/d Control group: placebo	Number = 54 Treated: 4 groups (10–12 pts) Control: 11	Age: <40 years, PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, undergoing ICSI procedure	Insulin resistance and/or hyperglycaemia	Total r-FSH, E2, stimulation (days) Number of oocytes retrieved Number of cycles cancelled Number of MII, number of immature oocytes Number of embryos grade 1
[29]	Randomized controlled	8 weeks before r-FSH	Treated group: Myo-Ins 4 g/d Control group: D-chiro-Ins 1.2 g/d	Number = 84 Treated: 43 Control: 41	Age: <40 years, PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, undergoing ICSI procedure	Insulin resistance and/or hyperglycaemia	Duration of infertility, BMI, PRL, TSH, E2, stimulation (days), FSH Number of cancelled cycles Number of retrieved oocytes Number of MII, number of immature oocytes Number of embryos grade 1 Number of biochemical/clinical pregnancies Number of spontaneous abortions
[30]	Randomized controlled	12 weeks before r-FSH	Treated group: Myo-Ins 1.1 g + D-chiro-Ins 27.6 mg/d Control group: D-chiro-Ins 1 g/d	Number = 100 Treated: 47 Control: 53	Age: ≤35 years, >35 years BMI <28 kg/m2, FSH <10 IU/L PCOS according to Rotterdam 2003 and a normal uterine cavity	Advanced stage (III or IV) endometriosis Poor responders pts or suffering from premature ovarian failure	Total IU of r-FSH, E2 before hCG injection Number of MII, number of VG-DEG Number of embryos grade 1 Number of embryos transferred Maturation rate and fertilization rate

Myo-Ins, myo-inositol; D-chiro-Ins, D-chiro-inositol; FA, folic acid; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; E2, oestradiol; r-FSH, recombinant follicle stimulating hormone; MII, mature oocytes; VG-DEG, immature oocytes and degenerated oocytes; hCG, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin; ART, assisted reproductive technology.