Table 2.

Age- and sex-adjusted associations of candidate metabolites with incident AF.

Metabolite	Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)†	p value*
Beta hydroxybuterate	1.07 (0.88–1.29)	0.50
Glycine	1.05 (0.87–1.26)	0.63
Phosphocreatine	0.87 (0.72–1.05)	0.15
Creatine	0.91 (0.77–1.08)	0.28
Alanine	1.16 (0.98–1.36)	0.08
Glutamine	1.01 (0.87–1.18)	0.86
Betaine	1.03 (0.87–1.22)	0.03
Glucose/fructose/galactose	1.39 (1.17–1.65)	0.0002

^†Hazard ratio expressed per standard deviation of the metabolite

^*Significance level of p ≤ 0.00625 (0.05/8) for hypothesis testing