TABLE 1.
Blood gases, plasma ions, and lactate at baseline and in sham-treated rats, saline controls, and ALM-treated rats over 6 daysa
| Rat group (n)b and time point | pH | pCO2 (mm Hg) | pO2 (mm Hg) | sO2 (%) | K+ (mmol/liter) | Na+ (mmol/liter) | Ca2+ (mmol/liter) | Cl− (mmol/liter) | Lactate (mmol/liter) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (8) | 7.43 ± 0.01 | 38 ± 1 | 109 ± 1 | 100 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 138 ± 2.4 | 1.28 ± 0.03 | 102 ± 1.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| 2 h | |||||||||
| Sham (8) | 7.44 ± 0.01 | 44 ± 1.5* | 86 ± 2* | 97 ± 0.5* | 4.3 ± 0.1 | 141 ± 1.5 | 1.30 ± 0.04 | 104 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| Control (8) | 7.44 ± 0.01 | 41 ± 0.6 | 86 ± 3* | 96 ± 1.2* | 4.7 ± 0.2* | 139 ± 1.5 | 1.27 ± 0.03 | 104 ± 0.8 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| ALM (8) | 7.43 ± 0.02 | 41 ± 3 | 91 ± 5* | 97 ± 1* | 4.7 ± 0.1* | 139 ± 0.9 | 1.22 ± 0.01 | 105 ± 1.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| Day 1 | |||||||||
| Sham (8) | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 48 ± 2* | 88 ± 3* | 96 ± 0.7 | 3.6 ± 0.0 | 141 ± 1.8 | 1.33 ± 0.03 | 100 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.1 |
| Control (8) | 7.42 ± 0.03 | 50 ± 5* | 73 ± 10* | 82 ± 11* | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 141 ± 1.0 | 1.31 ± 0.02 | 101 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.5* |
| ALM (8) | 7.41 ± 0.01 | 47 ± 1.8 | 88 ± 3* | 95 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | 142 ± 1.5 | 1.34 ± 0.03 | 101 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.2 |
| Day 2 | |||||||||
| Sham (8) | 7.49 ± 0.01* | 36 ± 1.4 | 92 ± 3* | 98 ± 0.8* | 4.5 ± 0* | 141 ± 0.5 | 1.33 ± 0.01 | 103 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
| Control (2) | 7.53 ± 0.01* | 36 ± 0.8 | 100 ± 0.1 | 101 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0 | 141 ± 0.5 | 1.33 ± 0.05 | 104 ± 1.5 | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
| ALM (7) | 7.52 ± 0.02* | 34 ± 1.6* | 101 ± 6 | 99 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.1* | 141 ± 0.9 | 1.34 ± 0.02* | 104 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.3 |
| Day 4 | |||||||||
| Sham (8) | 7.51 ± 0.01* | 35 ± 1.4 | 91 ± 2* | 98 ± 0.6 | 4.1 ± 0.0 | 139 ± 1.4 | 1.32 ± 0.03 | 103 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 |
| Control (2) | 7.53 ± 0.04* | 33 ± 4.0 | 113 ± 9* | 100 ± 0 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 140 ± 0.5 | 1.34 ± 0.03 | 104 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| ALM (7) | 7.53 ± 0.01* | 33 ± 1.4* | 102 ± 7 | 98 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | 142 ± 0.7 | 1.36 ± 0.01* | 105 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Day 6 | |||||||||
| Sham (8) | 7.45 ± 0.04 | 42 ± 5.7 | 84 ± 9* | 97 ± 1.6 | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 140 ± 1.4 | 1.34 ± 0.02 | 103 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Control (2) | 7.45 ± 0.00 | 42 ± 2.3 | 85 ± 5 | 97 ± 2.8 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 142 ± 2 | 1.36 ± 0.02 | 102 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.6 |
| ALM (7) | 7.47 ± 0.02 | 39 ± 1.0 | 93 ± 3 | 97 ± 1.1 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 147 ± 3* | 1.40 ± 0.04* | 105 ± 1.7 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |
| Death | |||||||||
| CED (4) | 7.31 ± 0.08 | 59 ± 12* | 73 ± 34 | 64 ± 22* | 5.7 ± 0.7* | 141 ± 1.3 | 1.37 ± 0.02 | 103 ± 2 | 2.1 ± 0.7* |
| CLD (2) | 7.45 ± 0.02 | 39 ± 5.1 | 85 ± 21 | 90 ± 9 | 3.6 ± 0.3 | 145 ± 0.5 | 1.39 ± 0.01 | 107 ± 1 | 2.0 ± 0.5* |
| ALM LD (1) | 7.30 | 59 | 108 | 97 | 2.9 | 159 | 1.81 | 107 | 1.20 |
a
Values are for survivors through day 6, followed by animals with early and late death. *, P < 0.05, relative to baseline. CED, control early death; CLD, control late death; LD, late death.
b
n = number of animals.