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. 2016 Nov 1;10:3591–3597. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S114879

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Fenretinide increased the expression of PPARγ in RAW264.3 macrophages.

Notes: (A) RAW264.7 cells were treated with various doses of LPS, as indicated, for 24 hours. (B) Cells were pretreated with the indicated doses of fenretinide for 1 hour, and then treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for another 24 hours. (C) Cells were pretreated with GW9662 at the indicated doses for 30 minutes, and 10 μM fenretinide was then added to the culture medium for another 30 minutes. LPS (1 μg/mL) was further added to the cells for 24 hours. At the end of the experiments, the cells were harvested and lysed for the determination of PPARγ expression. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM and obtained from three individual experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 as compared with the control group. #P<0.05; ##P<0.01; ###P<0.001 as compared with the LPS-treated group.

Abbreviations: FEN, fenretinide; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; SEM, standard error of the mean; GW, GW9662.