Table 1. Baseline characteristics of 35 rural primary schools allocated to four arms receiving either diarrhea (DIA), dengue (DEN), both (DIADEN), or no interventions (CON) in Anapoima and La Mesa municipalities, Colombia in 2011.
| Variable | DIA | DEN | DIADEN | CON |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of schools | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 |
| General | ||||
| Altitudinal range (m.a.s.l.) | 908–1350 | 712–1610 | 592–1093 | 588–1569 |
| Total no. of teachers | 13 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Pupils per teacher | 17 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
| Total no. of classrooms (incl. computer rooms) | 39 | 39 | 41 | 38 |
| Male/female ratio | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| Mean pupil age (in years) (SD) | 8.5 (2.2) | 8.2 (2.2) | 7.9 (2.1) | 8.0 (2.2) |
| Age range | 5–16 | 4–13 | 4–13 | 5–14 |
| Degree of isolation (based on no. of nearby houses)a | ||||
| No. of completely isolated schools | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| No. of schools with a few (1–5) nearby houses | 5 | 8 | 7 | 4 |
| No. of schools with many (>5) nearby houses | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Entomological indices (dry / rainy season)b | ||||
| School Index, SI (%) | 12.5 / 12.5 | 20.0 / 10.0 | 25.0 / 37.5 | 12.5 / 25.0 |
| Container Index, CI (%) | 2.5 / 6.1 | 4.4 / 3.1 | 9.4 / 6.9 | 3.2 / 10.0 |
| Breteau Index, BI | 12.5 / 37.5 | 20.0 / 20.0 | 37.5 / 50.0 | 12.5 / 62.5 |
| Pupae per person | 0 / 0.004 | 0 / 0 | 0.03/ 0.005 | 0.03 / 0.09 |
| Proportion of schools with female Ae. aegypti (%) | 12.5 / 62.5 | 22.2 / 22.2 | 50.0 / 62.5 | 44.4 / 44.4 |
| Adult index (female Ae. aegypti/hour) | 1.05 / 0.71 | 0.53 / 0.47 | 0.73 / 2.79 | 0 / 1.12 |
| Water source | ||||
| Schools with municipal water supply connection (%) | 8 | 19 | 13 | 10 |
| Schools with local water supply connection (%) | 74 | 66 | 32 | 53 |
| Schools using rain water (%) | 33 | 25 | 71 | 40 |
| Schools with daily water supplyc (%) | 54 | 34 | 29 | 50 |
| Schools that boil drinking water (%) | 80 | 85 | 90 | 97 |
| Schools with water connection in kitchen (for food preparation) (%) | 92 | 75 | 84 | 90 |
| Schools with water connection in sinks (for hand washing and drinking purposes) (%) | 44 | 77 | 71 | 83 |
| Schools with water connection in toilets (%) | 77 | 63 | 52 | 83 |
| Water qualityd | ||||
| Samples E. coli positive (%) | 56 | 59 | 76 | 76 |
| Mean E. coli concentration (log10CFU+1)/100mL) (95% CI) | 1.2 (0.6–1.7) | 1.7 (1.0–2.4) | 1.2 (0.7–1.6) | 0.9 (0.5–1.3) |
a Degree of isolation. Number of nearby houses, i.e. within approximately 100 m from the perimeter of the school. One school in the DIA arm was closed in the beginning of the project and was removed. Therefore, the number of schools in the arm does not correspond to the original number.
b Dry season: July-September 2011, rainy season: October-November 2011. School Index = % of schools positive of immature Ae. aegypti, Container Index = % of containers positive of immature Ae. aegypti, Breteau Index = no. of containers positive of immature Ae. aegypti per 100 schools, Pupae per person = no. of Ae. aegypti pupae per person.
c A daily water supply could also mean supply during parts of the day.
d Water samples collected in May-Jun 2011 from all drinking water tanks and taps (in kitchen, sinks, and water storage tanks).
SD = standard deviation. CFU = colony forming units. CI = confidence interval.