Table 1.

Glia dysfunction that affect developmental processes linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Method of modulation	Developmental processes affected	Behavioral changes	Link to neurodevelopmental disorders	Reference
Transient reduction	Syn. pruning	Repetitive behavior	ASD	Zhan et al. (2014)
in microglia	Syn. transmission	Social interaction	Schizophrenia	Paolicelli et al. (2011)
CX3CR1 KO	Functional connectivity
Microglia depletion	DA axonal outgrowth	Not defined	Schizophrenia	Squarzoni et al. (2014)
CSF-1R blockade	Interneuron		ASD
Pu.1−/− embryo’s	positioning
Microglia deficiency	Dendrito- and	Rett-like neurological	Rett syndrome	Chen et al. (2001)
MeCP2 KO	synaptogenesis	symptoms		Ballas et al. (2009)
				Maezawa et al. (2009)
Microglia deficiency	Synaptogenesis	Cognitive impairment	Nasa-Hakola	Roumier et al. (2004)
DAP12 KO	Syn. transmission		disease/PLOSL
Astrocyte deficiency	Dendritogenesis	Rett-like neurological	Rett syndrome	Maezawa et al. (2009)
MeCP2 KO		symptoms
Astrocyte deficiency	Dendritogenesis	Fragile-X like	Fragile-X syndrome	Jacobs et al. (2010)
Fmr1 KO	Syn. function	behavior: seizures,
	Neur. excitability	hyperactivity, learning		Higashimori et al. (2013)
		impairment
Astrocyte modulation	LTP	Enhanced fear	Depression	Nishiyama et al. (2002)
S100β KO	Syn. plasticity	memory	Schizophrenia
Astrocyte modulation	D-serine regulation	Anhedonia	Schizophrenia	Ma et al. (2013)
DISC1 mutant	NMDA	Cognitive impairments
	neurotransmission

Abbreviations: syn., synaptic; neur., neuronal; DA, dopaminergic; KO, knockout; OE, overexpression; LTP, long term potentiation; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; PLOSL, polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosin leukoencephalopathy.