Table 3.
Comparison of the results of balance, gait, motor performance tests and trunk rotations between groups
| Test, parameter | Assessment | Group | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rehabilitation (n = 30) | Control (n = 31) | |||
| Pastor test (score) (shoulder tug) | 1 | 3.10 ± 0.80 | 3.50 ± 0.60 | NS |
| 2 | 2.30 ± 0.90 | 3.50 ± 0.60 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.40 ± 0.90 | 3.50 ± 0.70 | 0.001 | |
| Tandem stance (s) | 1 | 24.26 ± 10.33 | 20.23 ± 10.48 | NS |
| 2 | 27.95 ± 5.48 | 19.42 ± 10.62 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 28.29 ± 5.39 | 18.98 ± 10.14 | 0.001 | |
| 10 m walk, time (s) | 1 | 10.52 ± 4.50 | 13.11 ± 5.99 | NS |
| 2 | 8.29 ± 1.62 | 12.53 ± 6.75 | 0.002 | |
| 3 | 8.43 ± 1.55 | 12.67 ± 4.85 | 0.001 | |
| 10 m walk, number of steps | 1 | 17.83 ± 3.45 | 19.77 ± 5.89 | NS |
| 2 | 14.87 ± 2.21 | 18.97 ± 7.24 | 0.005 | |
| 3 | 14.83 ± 2.12 | 19.81 ± 5.81 | 0.001 | |
| 10 m walk, length of step (m) | 1 | 0.58 ± 0.10 | 0.54 ± 0.11 | NS |
| 2 | 0.69 ± 0.10 | 0.57 ± 0.12 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 0.69 ± 0.10 | 0.54 ± 0.11 | 0.001 | |
| 360° turn, number of steps | 1 | 10.70 ± 5.80 | 10.60 ± 6.80 | NS |
| 2 | 6.90 ± 2.10 | 9.80 ± 4.10 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 6.70 ± 2.00 | 10.80 ± 6.90 | 0.003 | |
| PPT (score) | 1 | 25.00 ± 4.30 | 23.70 ± 4.70 | NS |
| 2 | 32.20 ± 1.90 | 23.00 ± 4.70 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 32.20 ± 2.00 | 22.90 ± 4.10 | 0.001 | |
| Standing up from sitting position (s) | 1 | 1.45 ± 1.22 | 1.78 ± 1.29 | NS |
| 2 | 0.87 ± 0.29 | 2.09 ± 2.63 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 0.87 ± 0.24 | 1.89 ± 1.65 | 0.001 | |
| Standing up from lying position on treatment table (s) | 1 | 4.89 ± 3.01 | 5.86 ± 3.81 | NS |
| 2 | 2.86 ± 1.28 | 5.76 ± 3.62 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.62 ± 0.96 | 6.09 ± 3.65 | 0.001 | |
| Standing up from lying position on mat (s) | 1 | 10.01 ± 5.83 | 13.91 ± 9.80 | NS |
| 2 | 5.63 ± 2.63 | 12.77 ± 10.34 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 5.33 ± 2.61 | 13.38 ± 10.24 | 0.001 | |
| Standing up from lying to sitting position (s) | 1 | 4.82 ± 3.85 | 5.38 ± 4.64 | NS |
| 2 | 2.32 ± 1.05 | 5.38 ± 5.12 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.27 ± 0.84 | 5.88 ± 4.95 | 0.001 | |
| Sitting down from standing position (s) | 1 | 1.42 ± 0.93 | 1.67 ± 0.82 | NS |
| 2 | 0.81 ± 0.31 | 1.64 ± 0.86 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 0.88 ± 0.29 | 1.64 ± 0.97 | 0.001 | |
| Lying down on treatment table, from standing position (s) | 1 | 5.89 ± 2.91 | 7.51 ± 4.63 | NS |
| 2 | 3.11 ± 1.25 | 8.14 ± 6.04 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 3.03 ± 1.01 | 7.44 ± 4.01 | 0.001 | |
| Lying down on treatment table from sitting position (s) | 1 | 4.08 ± 2.48 | 4.65 ± 2.51 | NS |
| 2 | 2.32 ± 0.85 | 4.95 ± 2.65 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.38 ± 1.05 | 4.72 ± 2.21 | 0.001 | |
| Lying down on mat from standing position (s) | 1 | 6.21 ± 2.81 | 7.98 ± 5.16 | NS |
| 2 | 3.68 ± 1.47 | 8.73 ± 5.89 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 3.83 ± 1.80 | 9.02 ± 6.52 | 0.001 | |
| Supine to side lying position on treatment table (s) | 1 | 6.29 ± 5.17 | 6.71 ± 4.63 | NS |
| 2 | 2.20 ± 0.94 | 6.43 ± 4.74 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.65 ± 2.41 | 6.90 ± 4.34 | 0.001 | |
| Supine to prone lying position on exercise mat (s) | 1 | 5.15 ± 3.49 | 6.10 ± 4.62 | NS |
| 2 | 2.61 ± 1.07 | 7.43 ± 5.84 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 2.71 ± 1.11 | 7.42 ± 4.85 | 0.001 | |
| Lumbar spine rotation R (cm) | 1 | 2.96 ± 1.24 | 2.61 ± 1.32 | NS |
| 2 | 5.07 ± 1.22 | 2.36 ± 1.20 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 4.92 ± 1.18 | 2.44 ± 1.38 | 0.001 | |
| Lumbar spine rotation L (cm) | 1 | 3.30 ± 1.40 | 3.07 ± 1.66 | NS |
| 2 | 5.51 ± 1.41 | 2.86 ± 1.63 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 5.35 ± 1.56 | 2.64 ± 1.53 | 0.001 | |
| Thoraco-lumbar spine rotation R (cm) | 1 | 4.29 ± 2.07 | 4.39 ± 1.77 | NS |
| 2 | 7.23 ± 1.92 | 4.24 ± 1.75 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 7.21 ± 1.97 | 3.99 ± 1.84 | 0.001 | |
| Thoraco-lumbar spine rotation L (cm) | 1 | 4.70 ± 1.98 | 4.76 ± 2.22 | NS |
| 2 | 7.63 ± 1.84 | 4.46 ± 2.10 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 7.31 ± 1.68 | 4.10 ± 1.98 | 0.001 | |
The p values refer to the differences between groups in three assessments: before, after and 1 month after completing rehabilitation
Values are mean ± standard deviation
NS non-significant, PPT Physical Performance Test, L to the left, R to the right