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. 2016 Nov 8;7:1672. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01672

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Copyright © 2016 Yang, Preisser, Zhang, Liu, Dai, Pan and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relative gene expression of the V-ATPase in different developmental stages of C. septempunctata. The relative gene expression levels of V-ATPase in eggs (EG), first instar larvae (L1), second instar larvae (L2), third instar larvae (L3), fourth instar larvae (L4), pupae (P), male adults (MA), and female adults (FA) were normalized to the most suited non-rRNA (A, NADH, EF1A, and Tubulin) and the least suited (B, EF1A, Actin, and ArgK) reference genes, respectively. The relative expression level (fold) was calculated based on the value of the egg stage expression detected, which was assigned an arbitrary value of 1. Values are means ± SE. Different letters indicate significant expression differences among different developmental stages of C. septempunctata (P < 0.05).