Table 1.

Prevention and treatment recommendations in urolithiasis associated with inflammatory bowel disease

	IBD and stones treatment
All patients	Counselling about IBD association with renal stones
	Increased hydration
	Monitor with regular urinalysis and imaging of upper tracts
	Early surgical intervention even in small renal stone burden
Established hyperoxaluria or calcium oxalate stones	Reduction in dietary oxalate
	Calcium supplements
Uric acid stones	Urinary alkalinisation
	Citrate supplementation
Panproctocolectomy	Consideration for oral bicarbonate supplementation

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.