Table 3.
Effects of fermented and non-fermented rice bran on growth, serum, and liver parameters
| Parameters | Control | Non-FRB | FRB |
|---|---|---|---|
| Growth | |||
| Cumulative food intake (g) | 398.18 ± 14.73 | 353.49 ± 32.05 | 311.63 ± 11.33* |
| Body weight gain (g) | 81.21 ± 2.17 | 77.95 ± 2.91 | 71.18 ± 3.16*# |
| Epididymal fat mass (g/100 g BW) | 1.99 ± 0.03 | 2.10 ± 0.04 | 1.72 ± 0.08*# |
| Serum | |||
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 11.17 ± 0.95 | 7.99 ± 0.40* | 8.31 ± 0.32* |
| Insulin (ng/ml) | 4.49 ± 0.35 | 3.42 ± 0.43 | 2.28 ± 0.19* |
| AST (IU/l) | 187.33 ± 6.96 | 231.50 ± 16.40* | 189.33 ± 8.04# |
| TC (mg/dl) | 80.00 ± 5.50 | 74.00 ± 2.03 | 76.17 ± 2.49 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 87.50 ± 3.33 | 89.33 ± 9.20 | 73.50 ± 5.94 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 33.83 ± 4.45 | 27.63 ± 1.07 | 32.63 ± 2.14 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 28.67 ± 1.33 | 28.50 ± 0.62 | 28.83 ± 0.87 |
| Non-fasting leptin (ng/ml) | 1.35 ± 0.10 | 1.88 ± 0.15 | 3.46 ± 2.60 |
| Fasting leptin (ng/ml) | 0.95 ± 0.08 | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.52 ± 0.05* |
| Leptin sensitivity (%) | 28.35 ± 6.22 | 51.48 ± 6.75 | 59.55 ± 9.52* |
| High molecular adiponectin (μg/ml) | 0.85 ± 0.04 | 1.01 ± 0.06 | 1.01 ± 0.03* |
| Total adiponectin (μg/ml) | 8.70 ± 0.15 | 8.24 ± 0.14 | 9.092 ± 0.12# |
| Leptin/adiponectin ratio | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01* |
| Liver | |||
| Liver TG (mg/g tissue) | 24.05 ± 0.78 | 23.95 ± 3.44 | 13.75 ± 2.09* |
| Liver TC (mg/g tissue) | 3.25 ± 0.21 | 2.92 ± 0.31 | 1.61 ± 0.22* |
| Total lipid (mg/g tissue) | 82.71 ± 18.26 | 78.99 ± 6.14 | 60.69 ± 11.47 |
Values are presented as means ± SEM, (n = 6). *, # P < 0.05 compared to control, Non-FRB. AST aspartate aminotransferase, BW body weight, FRB fermented rice bran, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Non-FRB non-fermented rice bran, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides