Table 2.
Characteristics of the included articles: description of affected sites, implant characteristics, prosthetic factors)
| Study | Groups |
Description of affected sites |
Implant characteristics |
Prosthetic factors |
Additional info |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
PDs, mm |
RB loss (SD), mm |
BOP | Exudate |
CAL (SD), mm |
Recession (SD), mm |
Systems |
Time in function |
Surface |
Screwed/ cemented |
Internal/ external |
Splinted/ non splinted |
Restoration type |
|||
| Arisan et al. [20] | Control | 4 to 6 | < 3 mm MBL | Yes | And/or suppuration | NA | NA | Multiple | 19.4 months |
Rough (acid etching and sand blasting) |
Cemented | NA | NA | Fixed metal-ceramic prostheses | Suprastructures removed for measurements |
| Test | 4 to 6 | < 3 mm MBL | Yes | And/or suppuration | NA | NA | 19.4 months |
Rough (acid etching and sand blasting) |
Cemented | NA | NA | ||||
| Bassetti et al. [21] | Control: LDD | 4 to 6 | 0.5 to 2 | Yes | NA | 2.72 (0.72) | 1.68 (1.04) | Straumann tissue level | 7.2 (2.6 - 15) years | SLA | Screwed | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Test: PDT | 4 to 6 | 0.5 to 2 | 2.66 (0.73) | 1.53 (0.91) | 7.3 (4 - 14.8) years | ||||||||||
| Esposito et al. [22] | Control | Deepest pocket only: 6.45 | Mean 4.73 (2.11) | Yes | Pus exudation and/or soft tissue swelling and/or soft tissue redness | NA | NA | NA | 6.13 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | In some of the Sx treated cases, unsupported threads were removed and polished based on the clinician's decision |
| Test | Deepest pocket only: 6.23 | Mean 4.4 (1.58) | 5.65 years | ||||||||||||
| Hallstrom et al. [23] | Control | ≥ 4 | < 2mm bone loss | Yes |
And/or suppuration |
NA | NA | Multiple | 10.9 years | NA |
Cemented: 52.6%; Screwed: 47.4% |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Test | 10 years |
Cemented: 59.1%; Screwed: 40.9% |
|||||||||||||
| John et al. [24] | AAD | ≥ 4 |
Loss of supporting bone ≤ 30% |
Yes | Yes | 5.2 (1.9) | 1.5 (1.4) | Multiple | NA |
Machined surface, microrough surface |
Screwed | NA |
Single tooth and bridgework restorations |
NA | Without overhangings or margins |
|
MD (carbon curettes + local antiseptic therapy) |
5 (1.5) | 1 (1.1) | |||||||||||||
| Machtei et al. [25] | Control | 6 to 10 | ≥ 2 | Yes | NA | 7.63 (0.3) | NA | NA | NA | Exclude Titanium Plasma-sprayed or hydroxylapatite coated implants | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Test | 7.88 (0.2) | ||||||||||||||
| Persson et al. [26] | Er:YAG laser | ≥ 5 | ≥ 2 | Yes |
And/or suppuration |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
Machined surfaces and medium-rough surfaces |
NA | NA | NA | NA | Superstructures were removed to enhance assessments of PD and BOP and to improve the ability to collect bacterial samples. |
| AAD subgingival polishing | ≥ 6 | ||||||||||||||
| Riben-Grundstrom et al. [27] | Glycine powder air-polishing | ≥ 4 | ≤ 2 | Yes |
And/or suppuration |
NA | NA | Multiple | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Ultrasonic debridement | |||||||||||||||
| Swierkot et al. [28] | Sonic toothbrush group | ≥ 5 | < 1 |
Yes/ no |
NA | 4.64 | 1.24 | Nobel Replace Straight Groovy | At least 12 months | Rough | Screwed | NA | NA | Single implant or fixed prosthesis | NA |
| Manual toothbrush group | ≥ 6 | 4.41 | 1.28 | At least 13 months | |||||||||||
| Gomes et al. [29] | Test | 2.23 (0.09) | NA | Yes | NA | NA | NA | Nobel Biocare | 5.7 (2.5) years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Corbella et al. [30] | Mucositis | NA | NA | Bleeding index ≥ 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Immediately loaded full-arch rehabilitation | NA |
| Peri-implantitis | > 4 | ||||||||||||||
| Costa et al. [31] | Control | > 5 | No | Yes | Yes | NA | NA | Multiple | 80.5 months | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Single crowns and/ or fixed partial prosthetic |
NA |
| Test | 77.4 months | ||||||||||||||
| Deppe et al. [32] | Moderate bone loss | < 5 | 3.9 (0.8) | Yes | NA | 3.8 (1.3) | 0.5 (0.5) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | All restorations were left in situ |
| Severe bone lost | 5 to 8 | 6.8 (0.8) | 6.7 (0.9) | 0.9 (1.2) | |||||||||||
| Schwarz et al. [33] |
MD + local antiseptic (MD + CHX) |
NA | No | Yes | No | NA | NA | Zirconia implants (ZV4, Zircon Vision GmbH, Wolfratshausen, Germany) | NA |
Modified (roughness: Ra = approx. 7 μm/ Rz = approx. 41 μm) |
Screwed | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Er:YAG laser therapy | ≥ 6 | Changes in RB level |
And/or suppuration |
Modified (roughness: Ra = approx. 7 μm/ Rz = approx. 42 μm) |
|||||||||||
AAD = air-abrasive device; BOP = bleeding on probing; CAL = clinical attachment level; CHX = chlorhexidine digluconate; LD = local delivery; MBL = marginal bone level; MD = mechanical debridement; NA = not available; PD = probing depth; PDT = photodynamic therapy; RB = radiographic bone; SD = standard deviation; SLA = sandblasted and acid-etched implant.