Table 1. Demographic and health-related characteristics of the Washington D.C. prostate cancer study by outcome.
| Cases (n = 127) | Controls (81) | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) Age at diagnosis, years | 66.5 (9) | 66 (10.7) | 0.75 |
| Income, % | |||
| $0- $29,999 | 57 | 44 | 0.09 |
| $30,000-$59,999 | 26 | 28 | |
| over $60,000 | 17 | 28 | |
| Education, % | |||
| less than high school | 63 | 46 | 0.01* |
| High school or more | 37 | 54 | |
| Body Mass Index at diagnosis (kg/m2), % | |||
| Normal weight (<25) | 33 | 29 | 0.8 |
| Over weight (25–30) | 39 | 42 | |
| Obese (>30) | 28 | 29 | |
| Smoking status (%) | |||
| Current smoker | 20 | 25 | 0.6 |
| Former smoker | 47 | 40 | |
| Never smoker | 33 | 35 | |
| Alcohol use (%) | |||
| Current Drinkers | 37 | 52 | 0.08 |
| Former Drinker | 35 | 23 | |
| Non-drinkers | 28 | 25 | |
| Family history of Prostate cancer (%) | |||
| Yes | 19 | 14 | 0.42 |
| PSA ng/mL at the evaluation or diagnosis (%) | |||
| 0–2.5 | 19 | 51 | <0.0001* |
| 2.6–9.9 | 44 | 43 | |
| 10–19.9 | 15 | 2 | |
| >20 | 22 | 4 | |
| Zinc, Daily intake (±SD) | |||
| Total Zinc (mg) | 10.8 (7.4) | 14.3 (15.4) | 0.06 |
| Zinc from supplements (mg) | 5.2 (11.9) | 6.7 (12.5) | 0.4 |
| Potential modifiers of zinc intake, Daily intake (±SD) | |||
| Red meat (servings) | 2.1 (1.4) | 3.1 (2.9) | 0.0008* |
| Vegetables (servings) | 3.3 (2.3) | 4.2 (3.5) | 0.03* |
| Fruits (servings) | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.8 (1.4) | 0.8 |
| Total Iron (mg) | 14.9 (9.2) | 17.2 (14.4) | 0.19 |
| Total Calcium (mg) | 730.6 (470.1) | 736.8 (611.8) | 0.94 |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2029.2 (1225.7) | 2387.9 (1890.1) | 0.13 |
| Dietary total fat (g) | 81.6 (56.3) | 96.8 (80.5) | 0.14 |
| Saturated fat | 23.1 (16.2) | 26.4 (23.4) | 0.26 |
| Polyunsaturated fat | 21.2 (15.51) | 25.9 (20.8) | 0.08 |
| Monounsaturated fat | 30.9 (22.3) | 36.6 (31.7) | 0.16 |
* p<0.05