. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 28.

Published in final edited form as: Int J Obes (Lond). 2016 Aug 29;40(11):1679–1686. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2016.152

Table 1.

Plasma hormone levels at baseline and at the end of the fMRI Scan

	Insulin Group			Saline Group
	Baseline	End First Session	End of Study	Baseline	End First Session	End of Study	ANOVA
Insulin (uU/mL)	26 ± 15	151 ± 38	168 ± 47^*	22 ± 12	13 ± 6	11 ± 6^*	P<0.001
Glucagon (pg/mL)	66 ± 23	40 ± 18	36 ± 15^*	66 ± 16	65 ± 17	55 ± 15^*	P=0.001
Cortisol (ug/dL)	14 ± 9	11 ± 5	12 ± 5	16 ± 8	13 ± 8	12 ± 7^*	P=0.53
Leptin (ng/mL)	6.9 ± 4.7	7.5 ± 5.0	8.6 ± 6.1^*	6.7 ± 4.8	6.9 ± 4.7	7.5 ± 5.4	P=0.12
Ghrelin (ng/mL)	805 ± 296	755 ± 278	716 ± 253^*	896 ± 374	981 ± 367	1021 ± 429^*	P<0.001
GH	5 ± 4	5 ± 4	7 ± 5	7 ± 10	9 ± 9	8 ± 8	P=0.47

Data are expressed as mean ± SD.

Indicates significance at P<0.05 for a paired T-test comparing baseline versus end of study within each group. Repeated-measures ANOVA was significant for insulin, glucagon and ghrelin, between groups at a P<0.05.