Table 1. Characteristics of the patients included in the study.
| Cases (n=23) | Controls (n=23) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) at T0 | Median (range) |
53 (21-77) |
55 (21-82) |
| Race/ethnicity N, (%) |
Whites | 14 (61%) |
14 (61%) |
| African-Americans | 6 (26%) |
6 (26%) |
|
| Hispanics | 3 (13%) |
2 (9%) |
|
| Asians | 0 (0%) |
1 (4%) |
|
| Common clinical features of SLE at T0 N, (%) |
Tender joints | 15 (65%) |
15 (65%) |
| Swollen joints | 7 (30%) |
7 (30%) |
|
| Photosensitivity | 11 (48%) |
4 (17%) |
|
| Malar rash | 5 (22%) |
3 (13%) |
|
| Ulcers | 3 (13%) |
2 (9%) |