Fig. 5.

The RNA-binding loop loses hydrogen bonding to RNA ligands in the MDA5/LGP2 lineage after the first RLR gene duplication. We plot the proportion of molecular dynamics time points during which each residue was observed to form hydrogen bonds with the RNA ligand (red-white gradient) or the 5′ppp moiety in particular (red-yellow gradient), averaged over replicate simulations of ancestral RLR RDs (see Methods). The RNA-binding loop and specific residues exhibiting reduced hydrogen bonding to 5′ppp dsRNA in ancMDA5/LGP2a-b are indicated