Table 3.
Multivariable logistic regression: association between individual- and zip-code-level predictors and high diabetes risk among an employee population attending Midwestern health fairs, 2009–2012
| High diabetes risk | ||
|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95 % CI | |
| Individual-level predictors | ||
| Age (years)† | 1·85 | 1·64, 2·10 |
| Female gender‡ | 0·87 | 0·68, 1·12 |
| BMI (kg/m2)† | 1·58 | 1·44, 1·72 |
| SBP (mmHg)† | 1·29 | 1·17, 1·42 |
| Non-HDL-C (mmol/l)† | 1·24 | 1·13, 1·37 |
| Zip-code-level predictors | ||
| Population below FPL (%)†,§ | 1·25 | 1·14, 1·38 |
| Walk Score® † | 1·19 | 1·04, 1·37 |
| Supermarket density (stores per square mile (2·59km2))† | 0·84 | 0·71, 0·99 |
| Model summary | ||
| Nagelkerke R 2 | 0·14 | |
| C statistic | 0·80 | |
| 95 % CI | 0·78, 0·82 | |
| Hosmer and Lemeshow test | ||
| χ 2 | 10·44 | |
| df | 8 | |
| P value | 0·24 | |
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; Non-HDL-C, non-HDL cholesterol; FPL, federal poverty level.
All continuous explanatory variables in the model are standardized such that the odds ratio represents the effect of a 1 sd change in the independent variable on the likelihood of high diabetes risk.
The gender variable compares females with the reference category (males).
The zip-code-level race variable (percentage African American) was excluded from the multivariable analysis because of significant collinearity with percentage below the FPL.