Alterations in expression of ER-stress associated genes in RGCs treated with ET-1. Genes involved in ER stress pathways were determined by microarray and real-time PCR analysis. No appreciable changes of ddit3, eif2ak3, ern1, and xbp1 were detected at the mRNA level in ET-1–treated groups from microarray (no data of ern1 obtained from microarray). mRNA of ern1 and xbp1 also did not change in real-time PCR. However, ddit3 and eif2ak3 expression was decreased to 79% and 70% of control in real-time PCR. Only change of eif2ak3 in real-time PCR was statistically significant (0.005, n = 6, t-test). *P < 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, #P ≤ 0.001; mRNA levels (mean ± SEM) are represented in bar graph; in microarray, the vehicle control served as control; in real-time PCR, results were normalized to the expression of cyclophilin
A, and compared to vehicle-treated control cells.