Figure 4.

Transcription of candidate genes for flight in an independent sample set. Expression levels of eight genes identified from RNA‐seq were tested using qPCR in H. armigera flown in an independent flight mill study. Boxplots (inset) show the total distance flown of a subsample of field‐collected adult females from Wanjiang (China) and a laboratory strain (Bayer). The eight genes tested were picked to cover a range of physiological processes contributing to flight (odorant binding proteins (OBP3 and OBP6), flight muscle structure (myofilin and collagen II α‐1), fatty acid synthesis (3‐oxoacyl‐ACP‐reductase, elongase), fatty acid metabolism (3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase) and lipid transport (apolipophorin)). qPCR values are relative to the average of the three biological replicates from Bayer, and significant expression is denoted by * at P < 0.05 (t‐test of log₂‐transformed values).