Table 5.
Microspheres inhaled formulation along with their key findings.
| Drug | Method of preparation | Major ingredient | Assembly, device, capsules, and flow rate (L/min) | Percentage of FPF | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microspheres | |||||
| Levofloxacin | SD | Chitosan and glutaric acid | NGI, HandiHaler, #3 gelatin, and 60 for 4 sec | 32.3 ± 4.0 | [65] |
| Montelukast sodium | SD | Xyloglucan | ACI, Rotahaler, HPMC, and 60 for 4 sec | 43.8 | [66] |
| Rifampicin | SE followed by FD | PLGA | NGI and 30 for 10 sec | 52.00 | [67] |
| Salbutamol sulfate | RE | Salbutamol sulfate coated by 2% MgSt, polycaprolactone, and PVA | TSI, Rotahaler, #3 gelatin, and 60 | 15.8 ± 1.5 | [68] |
| Cisplatin | Emulsification and ionotropic gelation method | Chitosan | TSI, Rotahaler, #3 HPMC, and 60 | 34.4 ± 2.4 | [69] |
SD: spray drying; FD: freeze drying; RE: rotary evaporation; SE: solvent evaporation; PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); MgSt: magnesium stearate; PVA: poly(vinyl alcohol).