. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 9.

Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2016 Oct 6;16(5):579–589. doi: 10.1080/14737167.2016.1239533

Table 4.

Additional per person medical costs by service type associated with multiple chronic conditions among cancer survivors.

Study	Costs measured^a	Number of comorbidities	Cost by service type
			Hospital costs	Prescription drug costs	Home health costs	Ambulatory care costs	Long-term care costs
Cohen et al.^b [26]	Mean spending per person (any cancer) with expenditure (US$ 1997)	1 Comorbidity	$4407^*	$175^*	$631^*	$1876^*
		2 Comorbidities	$2741^*	$370^*	$33^*	$1839^*
		3+ Comorbidities	$6201^*	$1067^*	$1004^*	$3498^*
Subramanian et al. [21]	Additional 6-month cost of all cancer care, including those who died during the 6-month follow-up (US$ 2003)	None	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference
		1 Comorbidity	$1824	$373^*		$646^*	$335
		2 Comorbidities	$7000^*	$967^*		$976^*	$861^*
		3–4 Comorbidities	$14,596^*	$1715^*		$1787^*	$2066^*
	Additional 6-month cost of all cancer care, excluding those who died during the 6-month follow-up (US$ 2003)	None	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference
		1 Comorbidity	$2727^*	$435^*		$1006^*	$416
		2 Comorbidities	$9891^*	$1033^*		$1319^*	$1126^*
		3–4 Comorbidities	$18,211^*	$2199^*		$2396^*	$2933^*

Costs measured are for all cancer sites unless otherwise noted. Costs are reported as presented in the respective underlying studies.

Cohen et al. is the only paper that does not report on the additional cost of comorbidities. The authors report that estimates for cancer patients with zero comorbidities were too small to make reliable national estimates.

Denotes that the difference was statistically significant at p < .05, per the respective underlying study.