Table 3. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of suicide attempts with the study covariates according to a multivariate logistic regression analysis.
| Variables | Males (n = 6,768) | Females (n = 12,475) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
| Sociodemographic factors | ||||
| Age group (/≥ 75 yr) | ||||
| 65–74 yr | 1.51 (0.93–2.44) | 1.49 (0.90–2.48) | 2.29 (1.48–3.56) | 2.01 (1.26–3.23) |
| 45–64 yr | 2.46 (1.60–3.78) | 2.65 (1.58–4.47) | 2.57 (1.71–3.87) | 2.44 (1.48–4.05) |
| 19–44 yr | 2.17 (1.38–3.40) | 3.15 (1.66–5.96) | 4.46 (2.97–6.69) | 4.67 (2.62–8.34) |
| Rural (/urban) | 0.94 (0.75–1.18) | 1.08 (0.83–1.42) | 0.79 (0.65–0.95) | 1.06 (0.85–1.32) |
| Marital status (/married) | ||||
| Never married | 0.62 (0.45–0.85) | 1.32 (0.86–2.02) | 0.51 (0.40–0.67) | 0.75 (0.53–1.07) |
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 1.53 (1.09–2.14) | 2.07 (1.34–3.20) | 0.47 (0.35–0.63) | 0.66 (0.45–0.98) |
| Household composition (/three generations) | ||||
| Two generations | 1.64 (0.97–2.77) | 1.61 (0.92–2.83) | 1.33 (0.95–1.85) | 1.08 (0.75–1.54) |
| Single generation | 1.11 (0.65–1.92) | 1.61 (0.87–2.96) | 1.05 (0.74–1.51) | 1.02 (0.68–1.54) |
| Living alone | 2.41 (1.39–4.18) | 1.55 (0.84–2.89) | 0.98 (0.67–1.44) | 0.90 (0.57–1.42) |
| Education level (/college or higher) | ||||
| Middle or high school | 1.39 (1.04–1.86) | 1.22 (0.88–1.71) | 1.33 (1.03–1.71) | 1.75 (1.29–2.37) |
| Primary school | 1.05 (0.74–1.49) | 1.05 (0.67–1.64) | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | 1.81 (1.19–2.76) |
| Non-formal education | 1.08 (0.60–1.94) | 1.14 (0.57–2.28) | 0.78 (0.55–1.10) | 2.39 (1.44–3.97) |
| Monthly household income (/≥ 401 million won) | ||||
| 201–400 million won | 1.61 (0.99–2.59) | 1.59 (0.97–2.61) | 1.07 (0.79–1.43) | 0.95 (0.69–1.30) |
| 101–200 million won | 2.05 (1.28–3.29) | 1.84 (1.12–3.03) | 1.08 (0.80–1.47) | 0.86 (0.62–1.21) |
| ≤ 100 million won | 2.54 (1.64–3.93) | 1.94 (1.14–3.28) | 1.05 (0.79–1.38) | 0.96 (0.66–1.39) |
| Employment status (/employed) | ||||
| Unemployed | 1.81 (1.44–2.27) | 1.35 (0.98–1.85) | 1.13 (0.85–1.51) | 1.18 (0.84–1.67) |
| Housewife or student | 1.58 (0.73–3.45) | 2.15 (0.91–5.09) | 1.12 (0.92–1.36) | 1.05 (0.84–1.32) |
| Recipient of National Basic Livelihood Security (/non-) | 3.30 (2.49–4.37) | 1.34 (0.93–1.93) | 2.18 (1.69–2.82) | 1.42 (1.03–1.96) |
| Socio-family relations | ||||
| Family contact < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 1.83 (1.45–2.31) | 1.28 (0.98–1.66) | 1.71 (1.40–2.10) | 1.25 (1.00–1.58) |
| Neighbor contact < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 1.21 (0.96–1.53) | 0.87 (0.65–1.15) | 1.55 (1.29–1.88) | 1.03 (0.82–1.30) |
| Friend contact < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 1.32 (1.04–1.67) | 0.91 (0.68–1.20) | 1.13 (0.94–1.37) | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) |
| Religious activity < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 0.92 (0.70–1.22) | 0.97 (0.71–1.33) | 1.22 (0.99–1.49) | 1.06 (0.85–1.32) |
| Friendship activity < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 1.70 (1.34–2.16) | 1.24 (0.93–1.65) | 1.43 (1.18–1.73) | 1.09 (0.87–1.36) |
| Leisure activity < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 1.29 (0.96–1.75) | 0.94 (0.66–1.33) | 1.35 (1.01–1.80) | 1.45 (1.05–2.01) |
| Charity activity < 1 time per month (/≥1 time) | 0.90 (0.53–1.53) | 0.90 (0.50–1.61) | 1.07 (0.72–1.59) | 0.67 (0.43–1.05) |
| Health behaviors | ||||
| Smoking status (/never smokers) | ||||
| Former smokers | 0.76 (0.52–1.13) | 0.80 (0.53–1.23) | 2.30 (1.63–3.25) | 1.62 (1.11–2.36) |
| Current smokers | 1.88 (1.34–2.650 | 1.54 (1.06–2.25) | 3.38 (2.63–4.33) | 1.69 (1.26–2.27) |
| Drinking frequency (/none) | ||||
| ≤ 1 time per wk | 1.13 (0.84–1.52) | 1.18 (0.84–1.66) | 1.13 (0.92–1.39) | 1.06 (0.83–1.34) |
| 2–3 times per wk | 0.96 (0.67–1.38) | 1.10 (0.73–1.66) | 2.38 (1.79–3.17) | 1.79 (1.27–2.52) |
| ≥ 4 times per wk | 1.41 (1.02–1.94) | 1.37 (0.95–1.98) | 2.99 (2.02–4.42) | 1.91 (1.21–3.01) |
| Moderate physical activity ≤ 2 times per wk (/≥ 3 times) | 1.35 (1.00–1.81) | - | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | - |
| Walking activity ≤ 2 times per wk (/≥ 3 times) | 1.23 (0.98–1.55) | - | 0.84 (0.69–1.01) | - |
| Sleep duration (/7–8 hr) | ||||
| ≤ 6 hr per day | 1.50 (1.17–1.93) | 1.28 (0.98–1.67) | 1.17 (0.97–1.42) | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) |
| ≥ 9 hr per day | 1.76 (1.14–2.70) | 1.58 (0.99–2.54) | 1.03 (0.64–1.65) | 0.63 (0.38–1.04) |
| Health status | ||||
| Self-rated health (/good) | ||||
| Fair | 0.91 (0.64–1.30) | 0.85 (0.58–1.23) | 1.10 (0.82–1.46) | 0.96 (0.71–1.31) |
| Poor | 1.81 (1.33–2.48) | 1.06 (0.73–1.56) | 1.41 (1.08–1.86) | 1.19 (0.85–1.65) |
| Self-rated oral health (/good) | ||||
| Fair | 0.81 (0.54–1.21) | 0.89 (0.58–1.37) | 1.03 (0.78–1.37) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) |
| Poor | 1.25 (0.89–1.74) | 1.02 (0.71–1.49) | 0.96 (0.73–1.25) | 0.85 (0.63–1.14) |
| Perceived usual stress (/little) | ||||
| Low | 0.65 (0.37–1.14) | 0.64 (0.35–1.14) | 1.04 (0.58–1.84) | 0.87 (0.48–1.59) |
| High | 2.05 (1.24–3.41) | 1.40 (0.82–2.39) | 2.16 (1.25–3.72) | 1.16 (0.66–2.05) |
| Very high | 3.69 (2.17–6.26) | 1.82 (1.02–3.23) | 6.00 (3.46–10.43) | 2.27 (1.27–4.06) |
| Experience of depressive mood (/no experience) | 3.92 (3.10–4.94) | 2.34 (1.81–3.03) | 4.28 (3.52–5.21) | 2.43 (1.96–3.01) |
| Body mass index (/18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | ||||
| ≤ 18.4 kg/m2 | 1.54 (1.04–2.28) | 1.28 (0.82–1.98) | 1.30 (0.96–1.77) | 1.07 (0.77–1.50) |
| ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 | 1.09 (0.84–1.41) | 1.07 (0.80–1.42) | 1.25 (1.01–1.54) | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) |
| Ever diagnosed with hypertension (/never) | 1.11 (0.87–1.41) | 1.08 (0.81–1.45) | 0.81 (0.66–0.99) | 1.04 (0.80–1.34) |
| Ever diagnosed with diabetes (/never) | 1.21 (0.90–1.63) | 1.08 (0.77–1.52) | 0.82 (0.62–1.10) | 0.82 (0.59–1.13) |
| Ever diagnosed with dyslipidemia (/never) | 0.95 (0.69–1.31) | 0.64 (0.44–0.93) | 1.14 (0.91–1.44) | 1.04 (0.80–1.36) |
| Ever diagnosed with stroke (/never) | 1.63 (1.08–2.45) | 1.48 (0.92–2.37) | 1.43 (0.93–2.20) | 1.32 (0.81–2.14) |
| Ever diagnosed with myocardial infarction (/never) | 1.65 (1.00–2.70) | 1.98 (1.14–3.43) | 1.78 (1.07–2.99) | 1.75 (0.99–3.11) |
| Ever diagnosed with osteoarthritis (/never) | 1.21 (0.88–1.66) | 0.98 (0.67–1.41) | 0.91 (0.75–1.11) | 0.97 (0.75–1.25) |
| Ever diagnosed with osteoporosis (/never) | 2.13 (1.34–3.39) | 2.07 (1.19–3.59) | 0.86 (0.68–1.07) | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) |
| Ever diagnosed with asthma (/never) | 0.79 (0.46–1.36) | 0.72 (0.40–1.30) | 1.55 (1.11–2.16) | 1.17 (0.80–1.69) |
| Ever diagnosed with hepatitis B (/never) | 1.45 (0.86–2.44) | 0.91 (0.51–1.60) | 1.24 (0.73–2.10) | 0.91 (0.52–1.60) |
| Ever diagnosed with depression (/never) | 5.14 (3.98–6.65) | 2.89 (2.16–3.87) | 6.34 (5.26–7.64) | 4.22 (3.44–5.19) |
Values are presented as OR (95% CI).