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. 2016 Nov 10;7:1617. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01617

Table 1.

Summary of international assessments.

Date Number of countries Tasks Proficiency scales
IALS (Thorn, 2009) 1994–1998 23 1. Prose literacy
2. Document literacy
3. Quantitative literacy		 Level 1–5
ALL (Statistics Canada and OECD, 2005) 2002–2006 12 1. Prose literacy
2. Document literacy
3. Numeracy
4. Problem solving		 1. Level 1–5
2. Level 1–5
3. Level 1–5
4. Level 1–4
PIAAC (OECD, 2013) 2011–2012 24 1. Literacy (prose + document)
2. Numeracy
3. Problem solving in technology rich environments		 1. Below level 1–5
2. Below level 1–5
3. Below level 1–3