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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 3.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Pharm. 2016 Sep 1;13(10):3457–3467. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00465

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Radiation alters the tumor microenvironment to enhance delivery and retention. (A) Dose response of radiation-enhanced delivery examined by confocal microscopy of MCF7GFP-IBD tumors injected with the endothelial stain tomato lectin and blood pool agent AngioSense demonstrates a threshold between 2 and 5 Gy at 3 days after irradiation. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Hematoxylin-stained (purple) tissue sections of MCF7GFP-IBD xenograft tumors excised at 17 days after irradiation display dose-dependent changes in immunohistochemical staining (brown) for CD31 (endothelium), α-SMA (pericytes), Collagen IV (basement membrane), and Collagen I (extracellular matrix). Scale bar = 200 μm. (C) Quantification of immunohistochemical staining by percent of microscopic field. *p ≤ 0.05 relative to 0 Gy control, n = 3. (D) Transmission electron microscopy of thin sections of MCF7GFP-IBD xenograft tumor excised 3 days after 5 Gy demonstrates disorganization of interstitial collagen (*). EC = endothelial cell, BL = basal lamina, L = vessel lumen. Scale bar = 2 μm.