Table 1.

Comparison of characteristics of the participants included and excluded in the analysis

Characteristic	Included (n = 1002)	Excluded (n = 377)	p value
Gestation weeks at delivery, mean (SD)	39.8 (1.5)	37.0 (4.9)	<0.0001*
Maternal age, years, mean (SD)	24.5 (5.8)	25.3 (6.1)	0.214
Gravidity, number (%)
Primigravidae	199 (19.9%)	104 (27.6%)	0.002*
Secundigravidae	201 (20.1%)	80 (21.2%)	0.630
Multigravidae	600 (59.9%)	192 (50.9%)	0.003*
Low socio-economic status, number (%)	554 (55.7%)	162 (50.9%)	0.135
BMI at enrolment, median (IQR), kg/m2	21.6 (20.3, 23.5)	22.1 (20.4, 23.7)	0.063
HIV infected, number (%)	129 (13.0%)	52 (15.9%)	0.186
Maternal haemoglobin levels at 36 gw, median (IQR), g/l	110 (101, 120)	115 (106, 123)	0.052
Prevalence of anaemia at 36 gw (Hb <100 g/l), number (%)	200 (20.9%)	12 (14.5%)	0.165
Birthweight, mean (SD), g	3011 (412.8)	2791 (536.5)	<0.0001*
Prevalence of low birthweight, <2500 g	96 (10.3%)	51 (23.8%)	<0.0001*
Prevalence of SGA, number (%)	255 (30.6%)	54 (29.0%)	0.668
Microscopy at enrolment, number (%)	107 (10.7%)	39 (10.4%)	0.872
PCR positivity for malaria at enrolment, number (%)	245 (25.0%)	111 (30.2%)	0.054
PCR positivity for malaria at 36 gw, number (%)	92 (9.3%)	4 (5.1%)	0.212
Placental malaria
Active infection	31 (3.8%)	11 (5.6%)	0.257
Past infection	293 (36.0%)	55 (28.1%)	0.037*
Uninfected	489 (60.1%)	130 (66.3%)	0.110
ITN use at enrolment, number (%)	399 (72.0%)	122 (59.5%)	0.001*

Data presented as mean (SD), median (IQR) or number (proportion of women as a percentage) for women included and excluded in the study, allowing for missing observations for each variable

SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; Hb, haemoglobin; SGA, small for gestational age; PCR, polymerase chain reaction