Table 3.

Association between antibody tertiles at enrolment and odds of past placental malaria

Antibody type	Past placental malaria
	Middle compared to low antibody tertile		High compared to low antibody tertile
	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
IgG to placental-binding VSA	1.20 (0.65, 2.22)	0.558	1.30 (0.70, 2.40)	0.402
Opsonising antibodies to placental-binding VSA	1.64 (0.91, 2.98)	0.102	1.82 (0.99, 3.36)	0.054
Opsonising antibodies to non-placental-binding VSA	1.31 (0.73, 2.35)	0.363	1.74 (0.97, 3.13)	0.065
MSP1 19kD	1.23 (0.69, 2.18)	0.488	1.27 (0.72, 2.25)	0.407
MSP2	1.47 (0.82, 2.64)	0.198	1.83 (1.01, 3.31)	0.046*
MSP3	0.59 (0.33, 1.05)	0.071	1.12 (0.65, 1.92)	0.691
EBA175	0.97 (0.55, 1.71)	0.913	1.14 (0.66, 1.99)	0.636
PfRh2	0.94 (0.54, 1.63)	0.818	1.05 (0.59, 1.85)	0.879
Schizont extract	1.51 (0.78, 2.92)	0.223	1.70 (0.90, 3.24)	0.104

Data presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Multivariate logistic regression analysis performed to determine the risk of past PM between pregnant women in the middle antibody tertile compared to women in the low antibody tertile. Analysis adjusted for gravidity, maternal age, HIV, ITN use, body mass index at enrolment, malaria microscopy at enrolment, socioeconomic status, study site and supplementation groups

OR, odds ratio, 95 % CI, 95% confidence interval; IgG, immunoglobulin G; VSA, variant surface antigens, MSP, merozoite surface protein; EBA175, erythrocyte binding homologue 175; PfRh2 Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte binding homologue 2