Figure 3.

Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of urinary midkine for the diagnostic discrimination of BCa patients and controls. The level of midkine concentration in urine specimens of 92 BCa patients and 70 controls was determined. The cut-off value with the best combination of sensitivity (69.7%) and specificity (76.9%) was evaluated by Youden's Index to be 0.71 µg/g creatinine. The P-value tested the null hypothesis that the AUC=0.50. If P<0.05, the AUC was significantly different from 0.5 and the null hypothesis could be rejected. AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval. BCa, bladder cancer.