Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Never, Former, and Current Smokers Enrolled in the PGen Study
| Characteristics | Never smokers (N = 940, 64%) | Former smokers (N = 427, 29%) | Current smokers (N = 96, 7%) | Entire sample (N = 1463) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, N (%) | ||||
| Males | 352 (37%) | 177 (41%) | 37 (39%) | 566 (39%) |
| Females | 587 (63%) | 250 (59%) | 59 (61%) | 896 (61%) |
| Age, years*** | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 45±15 | 54±15 | 43±13 | 48±16 |
| Range | 19–94 | 22–91 | 22–71 | 19–94 |
| Self-reported racea, N (%) | ||||
| White* | 830 (88%) | 395 (93%) | 90 (94%) | 1315 (90%) |
| Asian* | 55 (6%) | 13 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 70 (5%) |
| Black or African American | 43 (5%) | 11 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 56 (4%) |
| Otherb | 94 (10%) | 29 (7%) | 8 (8%) | 131 (9%) |
| Self-reported Hispanic, N (%) | 54 (6%) | 20 (5%) | 7 (7%) | 81 (6%) |
| Residence in the United States, N (%) | 921 (98%) | 417 (98%) | 94 (98%) | 1432 (98%) |
| Has health insurance, N (%) | 897 (95%) | 400 (94%) | 88 (92%) | 1385 (95%) |
| College degree or more advanced education, N (%)*** | 777 (83%) | 308 (72%) | 59 (61%) | 1144 (78%) |
| Household income categoryc,** | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 3.1±1.3 | 3.1±1.4 | 2.6±1.4 | 3.1±1.3 |
| Range | 1–6 | 1–6 | 1–6 | 1–6 |
| Genetic testing company, N (%) | ||||
| 23andMe | 607 (65%) | 286 (67%) | 54 (56%) | 947 (65%) |
| Pathway Genomics | 333 (35%) | 141 (33%) | 42 (44%) | 516 (35%) |
| Interest in lung cancer genetic risk, N (%)*** | ||||
| Not at all interested | 200 (21%) | 66 (15%) | 6 (6%) | 272 (19%) |
| Somewhat interested | 395 (42%) | 147 (35%) | 27 (28%) | 569 (39%) |
| Very interested | 344 (37%) | 214 (50%) | 63 (65%) | 621 (42%) |
| Interest in heart disease genetic risk, N (%) | ||||
| Not at all interested | 50 (5%) | 17 (4%) | 9 (9%) | 76 (5%) |
| Somewhat interested | 246 (26%) | 125 (29%) | 18 (19%) | 389 (26%) |
| Very Interested | 643 (68%) | 285 (67%) | 69 (72%) | 997 (68%) |
| Elevated lung cancer genetic risk | 152 (17%) | 71 (17%) | 15 (17%) | 238 (17%) |
| Elevated heart disease genetic risk | 181 (21%) | 99 (24%) | 27 (30%) | 307 (22%) |
Chi-squared test used to evaluate differences between smoking status and sex, self-reported race groups, Hispanic ethnicity, residence, health insurance status, college education, genomic testing company, and elevation in lung and heart disease genetic risk. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the differences between smoking status and age or household income. Logistic regression was used to evaluate how smoking status influenced interest in lung cancer and heart disease genetic risk.
aParticipants could report multiple races so numbers do not add up to 100%.
bOther includes the responses of American Indian/Native Alaskan, Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, or other.
cTotal household income over last 12-months category 1 < $40 000, 2 = $40 000–$69 999, 3 = $70 000–$99 999, 4 = $100 000–$199 999, 5 = $200 000–$500 000, 6 > $500 000.
Characteristics that are significantly different between never, former, and current smokers are indicated by *p < .05; **p < .005; ***p < .0001.