Table III.
Association between clinicopathological factors and LN metastasis in 24 patients with submucosal NETs.
| LN metastasis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Patients, n | Negative, n (%) | Positive, n (%) | P-value |
| Gender | 0.209 | |||
| Male | 11 | 10 (52.6) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Female | 13 | 9 (47.4) | 4 (80.0) | |
| Age, years | 0.774 | |||
| <30 | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) | |
| 31–60 | 14 | 13 (68.4) | 1 (20.0) | |
| >60 | 9 | 6 (31.6) | 3 (60.0) | |
| Tumor location | 0.231 | |||
| Esophagus | 2 | 2 (10.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Duodenum | 2 | 2 (10.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Stomach | 6 | 5 (26.3) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Rectum | 14 | 10 (52.6) | 4 (80.0) | |
| Histopathological classification | <0.001 | |||
| NET G1 | 20 | 19 (100.0) | 1 (20.0) | |
| NET G2 | 3 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (60.0) | |
| MANEC | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Tumor diameter, mm | 0.238 | |||
| ≤5.0 | 7 | 7 (36.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 5.1–10.0 | 13 | 9 (47.4) | 4 (80.0) | |
| >10.0 | 4 | 3 (15.8) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Macroscopic appearance | 0.799 | |||
| 0-Is type | 18 | 15 (78.9) | 3 (60.0) | |
| 0-Is+IIc type | 6 | 4 (21.0) | 2 (40.0) | |
| Growth pattern | 0.081 | |||
| Expansive | 9 | 8 (42.1) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Infiltrative | 15 | 11 (57.9) | 4 (80.0) | |
| Envelope | 0.607 | |||
| Complete | 6 | 6 (31.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Incomplete | 11 | 7 (36.8) | 4 (80.0) | |
| N/A | 7 | 6 (31.6) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Lymphatic-vascular involvement | 0.027 | |||
| Absent | 15 | 14 (73.7) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Present | 9 | 5 (26.3) | 4 (80.0) | |
| Distant metastasis | 0.049 | |||
| pM0 | 23 | 19 (100.0) | 4 (80.0) | |
| pM1 | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) | |
NET, neuroendocrine tumor; LN, lymph node; MANEC, mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma; N/A, not applicable.