Table 4.

Selected ultrasound measures by three cardinal features of FASD, FASD, and delayed neurobehavioral development in Alcohol Exposed Group, N=98, Ukraine, 2008-2012^a

Ultrasound Measurement	Short Palpebral Fissure Lengthb		p	Smooth Philtrumc		p	Thin Vermiliond		p	FASDe		p	Delayed Neurobehavioral Development		p
	Present N=12	Absent N=84		Present N=14	Absent N=84		Present N=27	Absent N=71		Present N=15	Absent N=83		Present N=48	Absent N=42
TCD	20.2±0.4	20.6±0.1	0.230	20.6±0.3	20.6±0.1	0.871	20.5±0.2	20.6±0.1	0.735	20.1±0.3	20.7±0.1	0.089	20.5±0.2	20.8±0.2	0.337
OFD	61.6±2.3	62.5±0.9	0.724	68.7±2.0	61.5±0.8	0.002	64.8±1.4	61.7±0.9	0.079	61.3±2.0	62.7±0.8	0.504	61.5±1.2	64.1±1.2	0.131
CCD	25.0±0.8	23.9±0.3	0.168	23.9±0.8	24.0±0.3	0.859	23.9±0.6	24.0±0.4	0.825	24.9±0.7	23.8±0.3	0.208	24.2±0.4	23.9±0.4	0.564
FTD	37.0±1.2	38.3±0.4	0.294	38.5±1.2	38.1±0.5	0.769	38.1±0.8	38.2±0.5	0.898	36.8±1.1	38.5±0.5	0.176	37.5±0.6	39.5±0.6	0.023
OOD	32.8±0.5	32.5±0.2	0.626	33.1±0.5	32.5±0.2	0.204	33.0±0.3	32.4±0.2	0.144	32.8±0.5	32.5±0.2	0.606	32.6±0.3	32.6±0.3	0.989
IOD	10.48±0.62	9.47±0.24	0.136	9.76±0.59	9.56±0.24	0.754	9.91±0.41	9.46±0.26	0.362	10.88±0.54	9.35±0.23	0.010	10.24±0.30	8.98±0.33	0.006
OD	10.46±0.43	9.66±0.16	0.085	9.82±0.41	9.75±0.17	0.878	10.25±0.28	9.56±0.18	0.039	10.24±0.38	9.67±0.17	0.171	9.57±0.22	10.11±0.24	0.095
FTD/OD	3.59±0.22	4.04±0.09	0.060	3.96±0.22	4.00±0.09	0.881	3.79±0.15	4.07±0.10	0.122	3.64±0.21	4.06±0.09	0.070	3.99±0.11	3.96±0.13	0.841
OFD/IOD	6.12±0.50	6.93±0.19	0.136	7.39±0.46	6.74±0.19	0.202	6.87±0.33	6.83±0.21	0.916	5.85±0.43	7.03±0.18	0.013	6.34±0.24	7.37±0.26	0.005
FTD/IOD	3.71±0.34	4.27±0.13	0.131	4.16±0.33	4.21±0.13	0.871	4.07±0.23	4.26±0.15	0.484	3.55±0.30	4.33±0.13	0.020	3.91±0.17	4.54±0.19	0.013

^aEstimated marginal means +/− SE; adjusted for gestational age at ultrasound and maternal smoking

^b≤10^th percentile

^c4 or 5 on Lipometer scale

^d4 or 5 on Vermilion Border Lipometer scale

^eFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder