Table 1.
Clinical and Imaging Characteristics
| Overall (n=201) |
LV Thrombus + (n=17) |
LV Thrombus − (n=184) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLINICAL | ||||
| Age (year) | 56±12 | 57±12 | 56±13 | 0.79 |
| Male gender | 84% (169) | 94% (16) | 83% (153) | 0.32 |
| Body Surface Area | 2.0±0.2 | 1.9±0.2 | 2.0±0.2 | 0.50 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Risk | ||||
| Factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 44% (88) | 35% (6) | 45% (82) | 0.46 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 50% (100) | 59% (10) | 49% (90) | 0.43 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 23% (47) | 24% (4) | 23% (43) | 1.00 |
| Tobacco Use | 32% (65) | 35% (6) | 32% (59) | 0.79 |
| Family History | 28% (57) | 29% (5) | 28% (52) | 1.00 |
| Prior Myocardial Infarction | 5% (11) | 12% (2) | 5% (9) | 0.24 |
| Prior Coronary Revascularization | ||||
| Percutaneous Intervention | 8% (17) | 18% (3) | 8% (14) | 0.16 |
| Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting | 1% (1) | – | 1% (1) | 1.00 |
| Cardiovascular Medications | ||||
| Beta-blocker | 96% (192) | 100% (17) | 95% (175) | 1.00 |
| ACE-Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor | ||||
| 59% (118) | 71% (12) | 58% (106) | 0.30 | |
| Blocker | ||||
| Loop diuretic | 6% (12) | 18% (3) | 5% (9) | 0.07 |
| HMG CoA-Reductase Inhibitor | 97% (195) | 94% (16) | 97% (179) | 0.42 |
| Antithrombotic Medications | ||||
| Aspirin | 99% (199) | 94% (16) | 99% (183) | 0.16 |
| Thienopyridine | 92% (184) | 82% (14) | 92% (170) | 0.16 |
| LV INFARCTION | ||||
| Infarct-Related Artery | ||||
| Left anterior descending | 54% (108) | 94% (16) | 50% (92) | <0.001 |
| Left circumflex | 10% (20) | 6% (1) | 10% (19) | 1.00 |
| Right coronary | 36% (73) | – | 40% (73) | 0.001 |
| Therapeutic Management | ||||
| Primary Thrombolytics* | 22% (45) | 35% (6) | 21% (39) | 0.22 |
| Primary PCI* | 77% (154) | 59% (10) | 78% (144) | 0.08 |
| Intra-aortic balloon pump | 17% (33) | 24% (4) | 16% (29) | 0.49 |
| Peri-procedural pressors | 10% (19) | 6% (1) | 10% (18) | 1.00 |
| Chest Pain to revascularization interval (hours)† | 6 (3, 23) | 18 (6, 24) | 6 (3, 20) | 0.01 |
| Non Infarct-Related Artery PCI | ||||
| Left anterior descending | 9% (18) | 6% (1) | 9% (17) | 1.00 |
| Left circumflex or right coronary | 7% (14) | 6% (1) | 7% (13) | 1.00 |
| Surgical Revascularization (CABG) | 2% (4) | – | 2% (4) | 1.00 |
| INFARCT SIZE | ||||
| Creatine phosphokinase† | 1514 (606, 2797) | 2758 (1506, 6398) | 1456 (591, 2646) | 0.01 |
| % LV Infarction (DE-CMR)† | 15 (6, 23) | 29 (24, 34) | 14 (5, 21) | <0.001 |
| LV MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION | ||||
| Echocardiography | ||||
| Ejection fraction (%)† | 51 (44, 57) | 39 (36, 47) | 52 (45, 58) | <0.001 |
| LVEF ≤ 30% | 4% (8) | 12% (2) | 3% (6) | 0.14 |
| End-diastolic diameter (cm)† | 5.7 (5.2, 6.0) | 5.8 (5.6, 6.2) | 5.6 (5.2, 5.9) | 0.07 |
| End-systolic diameter (cm)† | 4.1 (3.8, 4.6) | 4.8 (4.5, 5.0) | 4.1 (3.8, 4.5) | <0.001 |
| Myocardial Mass (gm)† | 176 (151, 203) | 197 (159, 217) | 176 (150, 201) | 0.14 |
| LV Aneurysm | 3% (6) | 18% (3) | 2% (3) | 0.009 |
| Cardiac Magnetic Resonance | ||||
| Ejection fraction (%)† | 54 (44, 64) | 41 (34, 47) | 56 (47, 64) | <0.001 |
| LVEF ≤ 30% | 2% (4) | 12% (2) | 1% (2) | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume (ml)† | 78 (65, 92) | 70 (58, 76) | 79 (66, 92) | 0.008 |
| End-diastolic volume (ml)† | 147 (124, 171) | 169 (148, 195) | 146 (122, 168) | 0.008 |
| End-systolic volume (ml)† | 64 (49, 90) | 97 (86, 115) | 63 (46, 82) | <0.001 |
| Myocardial mass (gm)† | 131 (111, 152) | 140 (124, 154) | 131 (109, 151) | 0.23 |
| LV Aneurysm | 3% (6) | 24% (4) | 1% (2) | <0.001 |
Bold = p value < 0.05
*
acute revascularization deferred in 1% (n=2) due to delayed post-MI presentation
†
data reported as median (interquartile range)