Table 5. Characteristics associated with influenza disease severity for hospitalized adults.
| Characteristic | Non severe (n = 166) No. (%) | Severe (n = 68) No (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virus type/subtype | 0.005 | ||
| Influenza A(H1N1) | 94 (56.6%) | 52 (76.5%) | |
| Influenza A(H3N2) | 72 (43.4%) | 16 (23.5%) | |
| Days since onset of symptoms (SD) | 4.05 | 4.22 | 0.764 |
| Vaccination status (n = 191) | 73/142 (51.4%) | 19/49 (38.7%) | 0.129 |
| Vaccination status in high-risk patients (n = 174) | 71/130 (54.6%) | 19/44 (43.2%) | 0.190 |
| Age median (±SD) | 62.5 (±20.6) | 65.6 (±14.6) | 0.263 |
| Sex | 0.150 | ||
| Male | 78 (46.9%) | 39 (57.4%) | |
| Female | 88 (53.1%) | 29 (42.6%) | |
| Body mass index ≥30 | 26 (15.6%) | 11 (16.2%) | 0.674 |
| Pregnant (n = 22) | 21 (12.6%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0.028 |
| Underlying medical conditions | |||
| Comorbidities ≥3 | 20 (12%) | 7 (10.3%) | 0.703 |
| Lung disease (**) | 43 (25.9%) | 24 (35.3%) | 0.149 |
| COPD (***) | 28 (16.8%) | 15 (22.1%) | 0.353 |
| Asthma | 15 (9%) | 6 (8.8%) | 0.959 |
| Bronchiectasis | 3 (1.8%) | 3 (4.4%) | 0.360 |
| Heart disease | 50 (30.1%) | 15 (22.1%) | 0.213 |
| Renal disease | 23 (13.8%) | 12 (17.6%) | 0.461 |
| Liver disease | 7 (4.2%) | 4 (5.8%) | 0.586 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 24 (14.5%) | 7 (10.3%) | 0.396 |
| Neoplasia | 24 (14.5%) | 10 (14.7%) | 0.961 |
| Immunosuppression | 33 (19.8%) | 13 (19.1%) | 0.894 |
| Coinfection | 14 (8.5%) | 19 (27.1%) | <0.001 |
| C-Reactive protein (mg/dl) median (±SD) | 7.45 (±6.8) | 18.63 (±13.2) | <0.001 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) median (±SD) | 0.42 (±1.57) | 9.06 (±19.5) | 0.003 |
(***) Lung disease: COPD, bronchiectasis and asthma.
(**) COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.