Table 2. Perspectives on threats to NHIS sustainability in Ghana.
| Sustainability dimension (N = 31) | Proposals for sustainable NHIS (N = 31) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author(s) | Year | Financial | Operational | Operational & Financial | Not Explicit | Supply-side | Demand-side | Supply & Demand-side | Not Explicit |
| Brugiavini and Pace | 2016 | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2016 | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2016 | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2015a | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2015b | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2015c | X | X | ||||||
| Fenny et al. | 2014 | X | X | ||||||
| Adu | 2014 | X | X | ||||||
| Agyepong et al | 2014 | X | X | ||||||
| Owusu-Sekyere et al | 2014 | X | X | ||||||
| Alhassan et al. | 2013 | X | X | ||||||
| Amporfu | 2013 | X | X | ||||||
| Odeyemi and Nixon | 2013 | X | X | ||||||
| Abiiro and McIntyre | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Blanchet et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Adei et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Dzakpasu et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Dalinjong and Laar | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Marcha et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Goudge et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Fusheini et al. | 2012 | X | X | ||||||
| Akazili et al. | 2011 | X | X | ||||||
| Nguyen et al. | 2011 | X | X | ||||||
| Mensah et al. | 2010 | X | X | ||||||
| Agyepong and Nagai | 2010 | X | X | ||||||
| Durairaj et al. | 2010 | X | X | ||||||
| Witter et al. | 2009 | X | X | ||||||
| Ansah et al. | 2009 | X | X | ||||||
| Witter et al. | 2008 | X | X | ||||||
| Rajkotia et al. | 2007 | X | X | ||||||
| Baltussen et al. | 2006 | X | X | ||||||
| Total | 31 | 4(13%) | 13(42%) | 8(26%) | 6(19%) | 14(45%) | 3(10%) | 5(16%) | 9(29%) |
Source: Articles aggregated by author based on reviewed literature
Legend: N (Total number of peer reviewed articles)
Number of Xs in column 3 represent articles (n = 4) focused mainly on “Financial sustainability of the NHIS”
Number of Xs in column 4 represent articles (n = 13) focused mainly on “Operational sustainability of the NHIS”
Number of Xs in column 5 represent articles (n = 8) focused on both financial and operational sustainability of the NHIS
Number of Xs in column 6 represent articles (n = 6) that are “Not Explicit” on either “Financial” or “Operational” sustainability of the NHIS
Number of Xs in column 7 represent articles (n = 14) focused mainly on “Supply-side” or provider-centered interventions
Number of Xs in column 8 represent articles (n = 3) focused mainly on “Demand-side” of client-centered” interventions
Number of Xs in column 9 represent articles (n = 8) focused on both “Supply-side” and “Demand-side” interventions
Number of Xs in column 10 represent articles (n = 9) that are “Not explicit” on either “Supply-side” or “Demand-side” interventions.