Table 1.
Effects of cytoskeletal and motor protein overexpression on Nodal laterality and organ situs and the degree of repair of incorrect laterality, calculated as the percentage of embryos with incorrect Nodal expression that have correct organ situs, using separate clutches for analysis. R: right; Bi: bilateral; N: none (correct sidedness is Left). A positive degree of repair reveals that embryos with incorrect gene expression went on to have normal organ situs, indicating that some defects in expression of early laterality markers are being corrected by the time of organ placement.
| protein | incorrect Nodal expression | reversed organs | references | degree of repair |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| alpha-tubulin T56I |
37% (R: 10%, Bi: 9%, N: 18%) n = 183 |
21% n = 286 |
[86] | 43% |
| Lis-N99 |
26% (R: 9%, Bi: 8%, N: 9%) n = 137 |
18% n = 174 |
[86] | 30% |
| Lis-C137 |
21% (R: 7%, Bi: 9%, N: 5%) n = 127 |
10% n = 326 |
[86] | 52% |
| 14-3-3E |
65% (R: 12%, Bi: 30%, N: 23%) n = 74 |
30% n = 116 |
[188] | 54% |
| myosin proteins | ||||
| Flailer |
57% (R: 10%, Bi: 17%, N: 30%) n = 309 |
18% n = 652 |
[86] | 68% |
| Myo31DF |
24% (R: 1%, Bi: 19%, N: 4%) n = 83 |
12% n = 237 |
[86] | 50% |
| Myo61F |
35% (R: 5%, Bi: 16%, N: 14%) n = 37 |
14% n = 297 |
[86] | 60% |
| Myosin1d |
43% (R: 9%, Bi: 8%, N: 26%) n = 76 |
15% n = 145 |
[86] | 65% |
| Myosin1e2 |
28% (R: 7%, Bi: 4%, N: 17%) n = 101 |
4% n = 77 |
[86] | 86% |
| Myosin1cA |
44% (R: 26%, Bi: 13%, N: 5%) n = 39 |
2% n = 207 |
[86] | 96% |