FIGURE 10.

A proposed model for metabolic reprogramming driven by HA overproduction. Elevated HA biosynthesis evokes HIF-1α signaling through acceleration of HBP flux. The HIF-1α signaling may constitute a feed-forward signaling mechanism required for metabolic reprogramming toward glycolysis and the expression of CSC-like properties. 1,3 BPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; 2-PGA, 2-phosphoglycerate; GlcNAc6P, N-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate; GlcNAc1P; N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate; TCA, tricarboxylic acid.