Potential mechanism for altered xenobiotic transport and metabolizing systems in human intestinal (A) and hepatic (B) tissues. Increased NF-κB–mediated inflammation resulting from the diabetic and obese condition is believed to be involved in the alterations. Dashed lines indicate systems potentially affected by increased inflammatory signaling, and solid lines indicate those negatively affected. COMT, catechol-O-methyltransferase; GLUT2, glucose transporter 2; MCT1, monocarboxylate transporter 1; MRP2, multidrug resistance–associated protein 2; P-gp, P-glycoprotein; Phase II, phase II metabolizing enzymes; PKC, protein kinase C; SGLT1, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1; SULT, sulfotransferase; UGT, UDP-glucuronyltransferase.