Table 3.

Metrics for safety and clinical outcome

Clinical outcome measures
Mortality (%)	15 (21.1 %)
New-onset organ dysfunction	Cardiovascular 6 (8.4 %)
	Respiratory 1 (1.4 %)
	Renal 5 (7.0 %)
New-onset Sepsis	10 (14.1 %)
Gastrointestinal fistula	17 (23.9 %)
	Colonic alone 7 (9.9 %)
	Duodenal alone 5 (7.0 %)
	Jejunal or gastric alone 1 (1.4 %)
	Multiple 4 (5.6)
Pancreatic fistula	14 (19.7 %)
Chylous fistula	3 (4.2 %)
Intra-abdominal bleeding	11 (15.5 %)
Portal venous system thrombosis	3 (4.2 %)
Positive culture result for fungi	12 (16.9 %)
Gastric outlet obstruction	2 (2.8 %)
Hospital duration (day)	41 (23–61)
ICU duration (day)	17 (7–43)
Total cost (10,000 rmb)	18.2 (8.6–32.4)