Table 2.
The morphological and functional changes in the left ventricle in pregnant women
| Variable | Controls | Trimester 1 | Trimester 2 | Trimester 3 | Postpartum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | (13.6 ± 2.2)wk | (24.8 ± 3.4)wk | (38.1 ± 2.6)wk | (7.4 ± 2.4)wk | |
| LVEDd (mm) | 44.18 ± 2.50 | 45.28 ± 2.83 | 46.88 ± 3.40 | 48.84 ± 3.26*† | 46.31 ± 3.14 |
| LVEDs (mm) | 28.08 ± 2.84 | 28.24 ± 3.21 | 29.62 ± 2.91 | 30.46 ± 2.81* | 28.72 ± 2.51 |
| RWT | 0.25 ± 0.09 | 0.27 ± 0.07 | 0.28 ± 0.05 | 0.29 ± 0.06* | 0.26 ± 0.06 |
| LVMi (g/m2) | 59.25 ± 18.00 | 62.57 ± 24.81 | 66.37 ± 16.74 | 71.23 ± 14.46*† | 63.14 ± 16.08‡ |
| Sphericity index | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.31 ± 0.07* | 0.32 ± 0.05*§ | 0.32 ± 0.06* | 0.28 ± 0.06‡ |
| LVEDV(ml) | 76.14 ± 21.20 | 81.39 ± 19.54 | 83.78 ± 14.58 | 87.72 ± 17.18*† | 82.77 ± 16.85‡ |
| LVESV(ml) | 32.00 ± 7.29 | 33.91 ± 6.16 | 36.30 ± 7.96* | 39.67 ± 7.98* | 34.08 ± 8.32 |
| LVEDV index (ml/m2) | 44.06 ± 17.44 | 41.93 ± 18.61 | 49.33 ± 14.49† | 51.67 ± 12.65*† | 46.63 ± 16.49 |
| EF (%) | 67.57 ± 5.12 | 68.00 ± 5.21 | 65.46 ± 4.49† | 64.98 ± 3.93*† | 66.89 ± 4.91 |
| Sm (cm/min) | 7.01 ± 1.63 | 7.06 ± 1.24 | 6.82 ± 1.03 | 6.47 ± 1.21*† | 6.93 ± 1.72 |
| E/Em | 8.33 ± 1.07 | 11.56 ± 2.08* | 12.46 ± 3.18* | 13.34 ± 4.33* | 9.04 ± 4.05 |
Data are given as mean ± SD, LVEDd indicates left ventricular end-diastolic dimension
LVEDs left ventricular end-systolic dimension, RWT relative wall thickness, LVMi left ventricular mass index, LVEDV indicates left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume, EF ejection fraction, Sm average of peak systolic velocities, E peak early diastole transmitral wave velocity, Em average of peak early diastolic velocities
*P < 0.05 vs. Controls; † P < 0.05 vs. Trimester 1; ‡ P < 0.05 vs. Trimester 3;§ P < 0.05 vs. Postpartum