Table 1. Cohort Demographics.
Cohort demographics, by covariate.
| Total N = 3635 |
Zero Books N = 1490 (41%) |
Book Readers N = 2145 (59%) |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Age | 50–59 | 30.48% | 29.15% | 31.40% | 0.43 |
| 60–69 | 33.23% | 34.88% | 32.09% | ||
| 70–79 | 24.50% | 24.04% | 24.83% | ||
| 80–89 | 10.80% | 10.88% | 10.75% | ||
| 90+ | 0.98% | 1.04% | 0.94% | ||
| Sex* | Male | 37.93% | 45.72 % | 32.55% | <.0001 |
| Female | 62.07% | 54.28% | 67.45% | ||
| Race | White | 88.70% | 88.66% | 88.72% | 0.59 |
| Black | 8.30% | 8.01% | 8.47% | ||
| Other | 3.02% | 3.33% | 2.80% | ||
| Wealth* | < 40,000 | 23.65% | 25.63% | 22.28% | <.0001 |
| 40,000–133,000 | 24.51% | 27.61% | 22.37% | ||
| 133,000–361,500 | 25.78% | 24.30% | 26.79% | ||
| > 361, 500 | 26.06% | 22.46% | 28.55% | ||
| Comorbidities | 0–1 | 51.75% | 49.90% | 53.03% | 0.29 |
| 2–3 | 40.19% | 41.97% | 38.97% | ||
| 4–5 | 7.78% | 7.82% | 7.75% | ||
| 6–7 | 0.28% | 0.32% | 0.25% | ||
| Vision* | Blind | 10.69% | 9.07% | 11.81% | <.0001 |
| Poor | 27.18% | 26.30% | 27.79% | ||
| Fair | 42.93% | 41.67% | 43.80% | ||
| Good | 14.65% | 16.76% | 13.19% | ||
| Very Good | 4.17% | 5.60% | 3.18% | ||
| Excellent | 0.38% | 0.60% | 0.22% | ||
| Education* | High School or less | 57.92% | 68.58% | 50.56% | <.0001 |
| Some College + | 42.08% | 31.42% | 49.44% | ||
| Job Status | Unemployed | 62.34% | 63.86% | 61.28% | 0.11 |
| Employed | 37.66% | 36.14% | 38.72% | ||
| Marriage Status |
Unmarried | 50.63% | 51.46% | 50.05% | 0.40 |
| Married | 49.37% | 48.54% | 49.95% | ||
| Depression* | No | 84.22% | 80.65% | 86.69% | <.0001 |
| Yes | 15.78% | 19.35% | 13.31% | ||
(*: p < .05).
Book readers and non-book readers differed significantly by sex, wealth, vision, education, and depression.