Table 3. Volume of bread loaves made from different flour types with different leavening agents.
| Flour type |
w(NaCl) % |
V/cm3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yeast | Natural sourdough | Starter sourdough | ||
| White wheat |
1.5 | (368±9)a | (264±6)a | (230±4)a |
| 1 | (415±2)b | (255±4)a | (262±2)b | |
| 0.5 | (439±10)c | (272±3)b | (287±3)c | |
| 0 | (462±3)d | (296±1)c | (291±5)d | |
| Wholemeal wheat |
1.5 | (171±1)a | (208±4)a | (164±3)a |
| 1 | (166±5)ab | (211.2±0.5)b | (165±4)a | |
| 0.5 | (163±4)b | (212±3)b | (159±3)a | |
| 0 | (158±1)c | (213±2)b | (152±1)b | |
| White rye |
1.5 | (180±3)a | (216±1)a | (213.9±0.9)a |
| 1 | (174±1)b | (21.9±0.4)a | (179±2)b | |
| 0.5 | (174±2)b | (221±3)b | (176±1)b | |
| 0 | (172±3)b | (221±3)b | (177±1)b | |
| Wholemeal rye |
1.5 | (152±1)a | (184±2)a | (102.6±0.1)a |
| 1 | (145±2)b | (180±3)ab | (102.8±0.9)a | |
| 0.5 | (143±2)b | (180±1)ab | (99.8±0.2)b | |
| 0 | (142±3)b | (179±1)b | (102.7±0.3)a | |
m(loaf)=100 g The values are mean±standard deviation Different letters in superscript present significant differences between mean values