Effect of mutations in the gD arginine cluster on viral growth and cell-cell spread. (A and B) Vero cells were infected with wild-type HSV-1(F), YK740 (gD-R3A), or YK741 (gD-R3A-repair) at an MOI of 0.005 (A) or 5 (B), harvested at the indicated times postinfection, and assayed for determination of the number of PFU on Vero cells. Each data point is the mean ± standard error from 3 independent experiments. (C) Vero cells in 35-mm-diameter dishes were infected with 100 PFU wild-type HSV-1(F), YK740 (gD-R3A), or YK741 (gD-R3A-repair) under plaque assay conditions. For each of the indicated viruses, the diameters of 20 single plaques were measured at 48 h postinfection. Each data point is the mean measured plaque size ± standard error. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance with the Tukey test. The asterisks indicate statistically significant differences, as follows: *, P < 0.01 for YK740 (gD-R3A) versus HSV-1(F) and for YK740 (gD-R3A) versus YK741 (gD-R3A-repair).