Figure 1.

Hierarchical models incorporating functional annotations. The box indicates the added modeling block related to annotations. Shaded ○ indicates observed data. A, the annotation matrix of variants; c, the causal configuration vector of variants; G, full genotype matrix; Y, phenotype vector; β, effect size vector of genotypes on the phenotype; ${\sigma }_a$, the parameter specifying the prior distribution of β; γ, the effect size vector of annotations on the causality state; λ, the parameter specifying the prior distribution of γ.