Table 3.
Cerebral cortex oxylipin concentrations (pmol/g wet weight)
| TOTAL | UNESTERIFIED | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Compound | 0.4% Group Median (IQR) | 5.2% Group Median (IQR) | 10.5% Group Median (IQR) | 0.4% Group Median (IQR) | 5.2% Group Median (IQR) | 10.5% Group Median (IQR) |
| n-6 Derivative s La | ||||||
| 9-HODE | 15.5 (13.8, 20.5)a | 32.4 (27.4, 39.7)ab | 43.3 (40.2, 48.1)b | 12.7 (12.5, 18.9)a | 29.0 (26.8, 32.0)ab | 30.7 (27.5, 40.3)b |
| 13-HODE | 21.8 (19.6, 25.4)a | 43.6 (34.9, 50.5)ab | 59.0 (57.4, 65.9)b | 17.4 (15.2, 23.7)a | 40.8 (34.5, 44.1)ab | 48.6 (40.5, 54.0)b |
| Total HODE | 37.3 (33.4, 45.9)a | 76.0 (62.3, 90.2)ab | 101.5 (99.2, 114.0)b | 30.1 (27.7, 42.6)a | 69.8 (61.3, 76.3)ab | 79.2 (67.6, 94.4)b |
| 9-oxo-ODE | 10.4 (7.7, 15.0) | 19.9 (13.6, 20.9) | 18.4 (13.1, 22.5) | 12.3 (10.1, 16.2)a | 15.9 (11.7, 19.7)ab | 21.0 (18.2, 29.7)b |
| 13-oxo-ODE | 7.9 (6.7, 8.9) | 8.3 (5.5, 9.4) | 6.9 (5.0, 12.2) | 9.8 (7.4, 12.5) | 8.0 (6.1, 10.3) | 9.7 (6.2, 13.2) |
| 9(10)-EpOME | 13.3 (9.5, 307.0)a | 24.3 (11.7, 576.6)ab | 1,226.1 (586.7, 1,837.4)b | 11.2 (6.3, 12.8)a | 19.4 (13.3, 27.2)ab | 25.3 (18.7, 29.8)b |
| 12(13)-EpOME | 12.2 (9.1, 16.1) | 16.7 (10.6, 17.0) | 27.2 (18.8, 40.9) | 12.5 (7.0, 15.2)a | 24.0 (16.6, 32.2)ab | 27.3 (22.5, 43.2)b |
| Total EpOME | 32.2 (22.9, 316.2)a | 57.9 (28.4, 593.6)ab | 1,252.5 (605.5, 1,860.3)b | 23.7 (13.3, 28.0)a | 43.5 (29.8, 59.3)ab | 52.6 (41.2, 73.0)b |
| 9,10-DiHOME | 2.0 (1.2, 2.5)a | 3.0 (2.9, 3.6)ab | 4.7 (4.2, 5.0)b | 1.5 (1.1, 2.3)a | 2.9 (2.4, 3.4)ab | 4.3 (3.7, 4.7)b |
| 12,13-DiHOME | 2.3 (1.9, 3.2)a | 3.5 (3.4, 3.6)ab | 4.4 (3.4, 5.2)b | 1.7 (1.7, 3.2)a | 3.1 (2.7, 3.7)ab | 4.0 (3.3, 4.7)b |
| Total DiHOME | 4.4 (3.1, 5.7)a | 6.5 (6.4, 7.0)ab | 9.3 (7.5, 9.9)b | 3.2 (2.8, 5.5)a | 6.0 (5.0, 7.1)ab | 8.3 (7.2, 9.3)b |
| 9,10,13-TriHOME | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4)a | 0.8 (0.5, 1.0)ab | 1.0 (0.7, 1.1)b | |||
| 9,12,13-TriHOME | 3.0 (2.0, 3.9)a | 6.6 (6.0, 7.3)ab | 7.1 (4.8, 8.7)b | |||
| Total TriHOME | 3.3 (2.2, 4.4)a | 7.4 (6.7, 8.2)ab | 8.1 (5.5, 9.6)b | |||
| EKODE | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.5 (0.5, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) | |||
| DGLA | ||||||
| PGD1 | 2.2 (2.0, 3.2) | 2.5 (2.4, 2.7) | 2.7 (2.6, 2.8) | |||
| 15(S)-HETrE | 16.5 (7.9, 19.7) | 12.1 (10.2, 13.7) | 9.5 (8.5, 14.4) | 12.7 (7.4, 23.5) | 11.6 (8.4, 12.8) | 11.3 (8.8, 14.5) |
| AA | ||||||
| 5-HETE | 50.4 (34.9, 61.1) | 54.9 (53.8, 78.1) | 58.1 (44.1, 72.6) | 41.0 (27.1, 46.3) | 55.6 (37.6, 61.9) | 53.0 (43.9, 54.8) |
| 8-HETE | 36.8 (21.6, 48.7) | 35.2 (32.0, 46.1) | 37.7 (33.1, 58.7) | 40.0 (25.8, 46.7) | 44.4 (31.8, 50.9) | 47.4 (41.6, 54.2) |
| 9-HETE | 166.3 (119.8, 219.9) | 206.2 (198.9, 240.4) | 212.3 (180.2, 325.1) | 167.0 (118.0, 236.6) | 229.6 (173.5, 297.2) | 244.4 (211.5, 297.2) |
| 12-HETE | 387.0 (157.3, 592.8) | 360.5 (315.0, 686.9) | 461.0 (359.9, 620.9) | 392.3 (220.7, 737.7) | 534.9 (375.6, 693.6) | 693.4 (420.9, 780.0) |
| 15-HETE | 187.3 (130.8, 259.3) | 251.0 (238.5, 296.6) | 217.4 (208.0, 374.0) | 217.9 (135.3, 313.8) | 323.8 (239.8, 329.1) | 308.8 (254.6, 381.7) |
| 20-HETE | 12.3 (9.6, 15.8) | 10.1 (8.0, 18.8) | 10.3 (8.9, 14.5) | 14.9 (11.2, 16.5) | 14.1 (10.5, 15.0) | 12.3 (11.3, 19.4) |
| 5-oxo-ETE | 8.6 (5.8, 16.3) | 9.0 (8.6, 12.8) | 9.6 (8.0, 18.1) | 26.1 (14.5, 30.6) | 26.8 (20.8, 27.2) | 30.2 (21.4, 31.3) |
| 12-oxo-ETE | 88.7 (71.6, 147.3) | 145.7 (54.0, 147.7) | 79.6 (70.3, 144.7) | 258.0 (180.7, 281.3) | 325.9 (304.3, 359.3) | 276.9 (249.3, 401.1) |
| 15-oxo-ETE | 13.3 (10.8, 19.3) | 18.6 (9.5, 20.5) | 15.5 (14.3, 28.7) | 28.8 (18.2, 44.7) | 40.1 (24.0, 41.9) | 41.5 (34.5, 56.0) |
| 5(6)-EpETrE | 3.2 (2.1, 43.8) | 4.1 (4.1, 27.3) | 1.9 (0.3, 142.5) | 114.7 (54.2, 172.7) | 141.1 (94.3, 191.9) | 188.6 (126.6, 223.5) |
| 11(12)-EpETrE | 0.2 (0.2, 125.6) | 4.7 (0.2, 106.2) | 0.2 (0.1, 7.6) | 386.9 (171.7, 510.4) | 472.5 (237.4, 649.8) | 596.0 (391.9, 874.2) |
| 14(15)-EpETrE | 1.1 (0.4, 66.7) | 3.3 (0.9, 79.8) | 1.5 (0.6, 2.8) | 360.6 (140.8, 530.6) | 348.3 (173.1, 656.6) | 562.0 (389.0, 1,043.7) |
| 5,6-DiHETrE | 2.0 (1.5, 2.7) | 2.2 (1.8, 2.3) | 3.6 (3.0, 4.1) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.8) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.0) |
| 8,9-DiHETrE | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2)a | 1.3 (1.2, 1.6)ab | 1.8 (1.7, 2.0)b | 0.9 (0.6, 1.1) | 1.5 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.8 (1.2, 1.9) |
| 11,12-DiHETrE | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 1.6 (1.4, 2.0) | 2.0 (2.0, 2.1) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.5)a | 1.8 (1.6, 2.0)ab | 2.1 (1.8, 2.4)b |
| 14,15-DiHETrE | 2.4 (2.1, 3.5) | 2.8 (2.6, 3.7) | 3.6 (3.5, 3.8) | 2.1 (1.7, 2.8)a | 3.3 (2.6, 3.5)ab | 3.5 (3.3, 3.9)b |
| PGD2 | 94.2 (88.3, 118.8)a | 132.1 (128.6, 135.5)ab | 139.3 (137.0, 150.7)b | |||
| PGE2 | 8.4 (7.7, 14.2) | 13.0 (12.1, 15.7) | 13.3 (12.9, 14.3) | |||
| PGF2a | 46.5 (33.9, 65.2) | 66.9 (63.6, 92.5) | 74.9 (72.2, 84.5) | |||
| PGJ2 | 3.1 (2.5, 8.3) | 5.4 (3.9, 6.6) | 7.1 (5.9, 7.8) | |||
| TXB2 | 46.6 (40.0, 55.8) | 63.6 (56.1, 67.4) | 72.3 (59.8, 83.5) | 56.8 (54.7, 65.2) | 69.2 (66.1, 85.4) | 78.4 (71.4, 85.8) |
| 6-trans-LTB4 | 0.5 (0.1, 0.9) | 0.0 (0.0, 1.3) | 0.6 (0.1, 1.1) | |||
| 6-keto-PGF1a | 840.2 (87.3, 2,478.4) | 424.8 (83.8, 3,798.8) | 1,200.8 (432.5, 1,518.1) | 36.7 (33.5, 55.5) | 61.0 (52.7, 69.1) | 54.7 (49.6, 73.2) |
| n-3 Derivative s α-LNA | ||||||
| 9-HOTrE | 0.6 (0.3, 0.8) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.0) | 0.8 (0.8, 1.2) | 0.6 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.0) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.4) |
| 13-HOTrE | 1.3 (0.9, 1.6) | 1.6 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.7 (1.1, 1.9) | 1.5 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.7) | 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) |
| 9(10)-EpODE | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.5) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) | 1.4 (0.7, 1.6) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.4, 2.9) |
| 12(13)-EpODE | 0.7 (0.2, 0.9) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.6 (0.5, 1.4) | 0.9 (0.2, 1.7) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.5) |
| 15(16)-EpODE | 3.6 (2.1, 4.2) | 2.4 (2.4, 3.3) | 3.9 (3.1, 5.1) | 3.7 (2.5, 5.1) | 4.2 (2.2, 8.0) | 4.0 (2.9, 9.5) |
| 15,16-DiHODE | 0.6 (0.3, 1.0) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.7) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.4 (0.4, 0.9) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.2) |
| EPA | ||||||
| 5-HEPE | 2.8 (2.6, 3.7)a | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2)b | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0)b | 4.2 (2.5, 5.6)a | 1.0 (0.8, 1.1)b | 1.0 (0.4, 1.0)b |
| 12-HEPE | 98.6 (46.4, 127.9) | 75.0 (52.0, 86.1) | 106.9 (56.3, 232.6) | 134.6 (43.1, 235.4) | 72.2 (51.0, 286.1) | 241.8 (127.1, 398.8) |
| 15-HEPE | 12.5 (8.1, 16.8)a | 3.0 (1.5, 3.0)b | 1.2 (1.1, 3.0)b | 15.1 (8.5, 20.3)a | 2.1 (1.6, 4.3)ab | 1.6 (1.1, 6.3)b |
| 8(9)-EpETE | 3.8 (2.0, 7.0)a | 0.3 (0.1, 0.9)b | 0.6 (0.1, 1.1)b | 5.6 (2.3, 6.8)a | 0.3 (0.1, 0.9)b | 0.6 (0.3, 0.9)b |
| 11(12)-EpETE | 6.3 (3.9, 6.6) | 1.9 (1.4, 2.4) | 3.4 (1.8, 6.5) | 8.7 (3.4, 12.8) | 2.6 (1.5, 4.7) | 6.5 (2.8, 7.3) |
| 14(15)-EpETE | 5.2 (4.5, 6.4)a | 0.3 (0.1, 0.4)b | 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)b | 7.5 (2.8, 12.3)a | 0.8 (0.2, 1.6)b | 0.9 (0.5, 1.3)b |
| 17(18)-EpETE | 7.1 (5.5, 12.8)a | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9)b | 0.6 (0.1, 1.0)b | 11.1 (4.0, 16.0)a | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7)b | 1.1 (0.9, 1.7)b |
| Total EpETE | 22.6 (15.8, 32.3)a | 4.1 (2.8, 4.9)b | 6.1 (2.3, 8.6)b | 33.5 (11.2, 46.7)a | 6.4 (2.4, 8.7)b | 9.5 (5.2, 11.0)b |
| 5,15-DiHETE | 2.1 (1.6, 2.4) | 1.7 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.6 (1.8, 3.3) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
| 8,15-DiHETE | 5.7 (4.8, 6.2) | 6.7 (6.7, 7.0) | 7.4 (5.2, 8.3) | 3.5 (3.1, 4.1) | 4.3 (3.9, 5.6) | 4.6 (3.6, 6.8) |
| 17,18-DiHETE | 2.0 (1.6, 2.0)a | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5)b | 0.6 (0.5, 0.6)b | 1.3 (1.1, 1.9)a | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6)b | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6)b |
| PGE3 | 0.7 (0.6, 0.9)a | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2)b | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2)b | |||
| DHA | ||||||
| 7(8)-EpDPE | 608.6 (530.4, 673.3) | 576.0 (514.5, 744.7) | 753.8 (545.1, 973.3) | 706.5 (386.9, 986.8) | 737.3 (297.9, 1,003.4) | 778.0 (467.3, 931.8) |
| 10(11)-EpDPE | 41.5 (39.7, 47.6) | 53.1 (33.9, 55.9) | 64.8 (35.0, 75.6) | 49.8 (26.7, 74.3) | 52.5 (20.8, 76.1) | 61.3 (37.7, 73.5) |
| 13(14)-EpDPE | 31.4 (30.2, 40.9) | 31.8 (27.5, 43.1) | 45.0 (32.5, 59.9) | 35.8 (18.3, 52.7) | 34.6 (14.8, 53.9) | 41.8 (24.9, 63.7) |
| 16(17)-EpDPE | 40.1 (28.7, 41.3) | 33.8 (29.9, 48.6) | 50.4 (33.5, 74.1) | 37.4 (19.5, 59.1) | 31.2 (15.2, 52.2) | 47.0 (28.9, 71.3) |
| 19(20)-EpDPE | 69.5 (62.4, 80.6) | 71.3 (57.4, 103.6) | 103.4 (65.5, 133.8) | 63.5 (33.0, 94.8) | 61.2 (22.4, 87.5) | 72.2 (50.5, 115.4) |
| Total EpDPE | 801.8 (712.0, 841.5) | 766.0 (663.3, 996.1) | 1,019.1 (711.6, 1,331.6) | 893.1 (484.4, 1,267.8) | 964.5 (371.2, 1,273.1) | 1,058.9 (609.3, 1,257.2) |
| 17-HDoHE | 23.4 (14.9, 41.3) | 19.7 (19.4, 21.0) | 23.2 (21.1, 24.4) | 20.3 (11.8, 39.6) | 15.2 (12.6, 17.8) | 14.4 (12.3, 22.3) |
| 4,5-DiHDPE | 3.7 (2.8, 6.3)ab | 2.7 (2.6, 2.8)a | 4.9 (3.7, 5.9)b | 0.7 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.4) | 0.6 (0.2, 0.6) |
| 7,8-DiHDPE | 0.3 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.3) | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) |
| 10,11-DiHDPE | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.3 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.4 (0.4, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) |
| 13,14-DiHDPE | 0.5 (0.4, 0.7) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.5 (0.5, 0.5) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.7) |
| 16,17-DiHDPE | 1.2 (1.1, 1.5) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) | 1.3 (1.3, 1.7) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.6) |
| 19,20-DiHDPE | 5.9 (5.0, 8.2) | 6.0 (5.5, 6.1) | 6.7 (6.2, 8.0) | 6.1 (4.3, 7.4) | 5.5 (4.8, 5.8) | 5.9 (5.3, 6.3) |
Data are presented as median and interquartile ranges (IQR) of n=6–7 per group. The lower and upper boundaries of the IQR represent 25th and 75th percentile values, respectively. The 0.4% and 5.2% LA groups contained six samples each and the 10.5% LA group contained seven samples. Data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test. Different alphabetical superscripts mean that the groups differed significantly (P<0.05) from each other.