Table 1.

Patient characteristics at inclusion

	All patients	Patients with at least one WiPO	Patients without any WiPO	P valuea
	(n = 81)	(n = 29)	(n = 52)
Age (years)	62 ± 15	67 ± 12	60 ± 16	0.03
Male gender	41 (51 %)	14 (48 %)	27 (52 %)
Simplified Acute Physiology Score II	47 ± 18	53 ± 22	43 ± 14	0.01
Body mass index (on admission)	27 ± 8	31 ± 10	24 ± 6	<0.01
Obesity	22 (27 %)	13 (45 %)	9 (17 %)	0.01
Aetiology of intubation
Pneumonia	35 (43 %)	13 (45 %)	22 (42 %)	0.99
Septic shock without pneumonia	27 (33 %)	10 (34 %)	17 (33 %)	0.93
Coma	6 (7 %)	0 (0 %)	6 (7 %)	<0.01
Drug poisoning of other origin	2 (2 %)	0 (0 %)	2 (2 %)	<0.01
Neuromuscular disease	5 (6 %)	0 (0 %)	5 (10 %)	0.07
Cardiogenic shock	4 (5 %)	4 (14 %)	0 (0 %)	0.01
Exacerbation of COPD	2 (2 %)	2 (7 %)	0 (0 %)	0.24
Previous COPD	17 (21 %)	11 (38 %)	6 (11 %)	0.01
Previous cardiovascular diseases
Hypertension	53 (65 %)	22 (76 %)	31 (60 %)	0.22
Atrial fibrillation	13 (16 %)	9 (31 %)	4 (8 %)	0.01
“Structural” cardiopathy	32 (39 %)	19 (69 %)	13 (25 %)	0.00
Dilated cardiopathy	23 (28 %)	14(48 %)	9 (17 %)	0.00
Hypertrophic cardiopathy	7 (4 %)	4 (3 %)	3 (4 %)	0.41
Significant valvular disease	2 (2 %)	1 (3 %)	1 (2 %)	0.75
Coronary artery disease	13 (16 %)	6 (21 %)	7 (13 %)	0.59
Sepsis-related cardiopathy	6 (6 %)	5 (17 %)	1 (2 %)	0.01
Left ventricular ejection fraction <45 %	27 (33 %)	16 (55 %)	11 (21 %)	<0.01
Total ventilation duration (days)	13 ± 14	20 ± 15	8 ± 12	<0.01
Ventilation duration before the first SBT (days)	6 ± 7	6 ± 6	4 ± 5	0.06
Total duration of ICU stay (days)	17 ± 16	26 ± 16	12 ± 14	<0.01
ICU mortality	6 (7 %)	2 (7 %)	4 (8 %)	0.76

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number and frequency (%)

^aPatients with at least one WiPO vs. patients without WiPO

COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU intensive care unit, SBT spontaneous breathing trial, WiPO weaning-induced pulmonary oedema