Table 2.
Sample characteristics of participants participating in vitamin D intervention study (n = 90)
| Variable | Intervention (n = 41) % (n) | Control (n = 49) % (n) | Total (n = 90) % (n) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 34 % (14) | 49 % (24) | 42 % (38) |
| Female | 66 % (27) | 51 % (25) | 58 % (52) |
| Age | |||
| 18-19 | 24 % (10) | 8.1 % (4) | 16 % (14) |
| 20-21 | 20 % (8) | 39 % (19) | 30 % (27) |
| 22-23 | 32 % (13) | 22 % (11) | 27 % (24) |
| 24-25 | 24 % (10) | 31 % (15) | 28 % (25) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White/Caucasian | 46 % (19) | 55 % (27) | 51 % (46) |
| Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian | 17 % (7) | 12 % (6) | 14.5 % (13) |
| European | 7 % (3) | 8 % (4) | 8 % (7) |
| Middle Eastern/Arab | 7 % (3) | 2 % (1) | 4 % (4) |
| African/Caribbean | 7 % (3) | 2 % (1) | 4 % (4) |
| Mixed ancestry | 5 % (2) | 6 % (3) | 6 % (5) |
| Other ethnicity (Aboriginal, Latin/Central American, Filipino, other) | 10 % (4) | 14 % (7) | 12 % (11) |
| Highest level of education | |||
| Some high school, or high school diploma | 24 % (10) | 10 % (5) | 17 % (15) |
| Some college, college diploma or professional certificate | 12 % (5) | 14 % (7) | 13 % (12) |
| Some university, or undergraduate degree | 56 % (23) | 63 % (31) | 60 % (54) |
| Some graduate school, or graduate degree | 7 % (3) | 12 % (6) | 10 % (9) |
| Student status | |||
| Currently a student | 76 % (31) | 61 % (30) | 68 % (61) |
| BMI Classification | |||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 5 % (2) | 6 % (3) | 6 % (5) |
| Normal weight (18.5-24.9) | 70 %(28) | 55 % (27) | 62 % (55) |
| Overweight (25.0-29.9) | 20 % (8) | 18 % (9) | 19 % (17) |
| Obese (≥30) | 5 % (2) | 20 % (10) | 13 % (12) |
Note: Student’s t-tests, χ 2 and ANOVAs indicated that the intervention and control group did not differ significantly on any of the following variables: gender, age, ethnicity, BMI, education level, employment, student status, supplement use, being employed in/studying health or nutrition, mean daily vitamin D intake or vitamin D3 concentrations (p > 0.05)