Table 1.

Summary of Findings: Trauma-Informed HIV Prevention and Treatment Intervention Studies Between June 2011–June 2016

Authors (Year)	Country	Treatment/ Prevention	Population	Trauma Addressed	Intervention Level	Targeted Outcome(s)	Intervention Efficacy
Abramsky T, Devries K, Kiss L, Nakuti J, Kyegombe N, Starmann E, Cundill B, Francisco L, Kaye D, Musuya T, Michau L, Watts C (2014) [22]	Uganda	Primary Prevention	18 to 49 year old community members	IPV	Community	Reduce social acceptance of IPV and gender inequality Decrease experiences of IPV Improve community response to experiences of IPV Decrease sexual risk behaviors	Lowered social acceptance of IPV Increased acceptance that women can refuse sex Lowered past year experience of sexual and physical IPV Increased community support among women experiencing IPV Reduced past year sexual concurrency among men
Champion JD, Collins JL (2011) [23]	USA	Primary Prevention	Mexican- and African-American adolescent females with STI and abuse histories	Physical or sexual abuse	Individual	Reduce STI rates	Reduced STIs at 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Peragallo N, Gonzalez-Guarda RM, McCabe BE, Cianelli R (2011) [24]	USA	Primary Prevention	Hispanic Female Adults	IPV	Individual	Reduce Chlamydia rates Reduce behavioral risks (e g., sexual risk, intimate partner risk, substance use) Improve prevention mediators	Decreased Chlamydia rates Increased condom use Decreased substance use Decreased IPV Improved several prevention mediators (e.g., communication)
Reza-Paul S, Lorway R, O’Brien N, Lazarus L, Jain J, Bhagya M, Fathima MP, Venukumar KT, Raviprakash KN, Baer J, Steen R (2012) [25]	India	Primary Prevention	Male and female sex workers	Multiple forms, including IPV, violence from clients, police and other community members, and trafficking	Community	Reduce multiple forms of violence Prevent STIs/HIV	Decreased incidence of violence (police, anti-social elements, clients) Saw increases in reported IPV
Wagman JA, Gray RH, Campbell JC, Thoma M, Ndyanabo A, Ssekasanvu J, Nalugoda F, Kagaayi J, Nakigozi G, Serwadda D, Brahmbhatt H (2015) [26]	Uganda	Primary Prevention	15–49 year old community members	IPV	Community; individual level for women only	Reduce experience and perpetration of past year IPV (emotional, sexual, physical) Reduce lab-diagnosed HIV incidence	Reduced past year experience of physical and sexual IPV Reduced HIV incidence at ~35 month follow-up
Wechsberg WM, El-Bassel N, Carney T, Browne FA, Myers B, Zule WA (2015) [27]	South Africa	Primary Prevention	Heterosexual adult couples with alcohol using male in primary partner relationship	IPV	Interpersonal/couple	Reduce alcohol and other drug use Reduce sexual risk behaviors Reduce IPV Promote healthy relationships Modify traditional gender roles	No findings to date; intervention underway
Wechsberg WM, Jewkes R, Novak SP, Kline T, Myers B, Browne FA, Carney T, Lopez AAM, Parry C (2013) [28]	South Africa	Primary Prevention	Sexually active, drug-using women between 18 and 33 years of age	IPV	Individual	Increase biologically-confirmed drug abstinence Increased likeliness of being sober at last sex Increase condom use with main and casual sex partners Reduce IPV	Increased abstinence from drugs at 12 month follow-up Increased likeliness of being sober at last sex at 6 month follow-up
Williams JK, Glover DA, Wyatt GE, Kisler K, Liu H, Zhang M (2013) [29]	USA	Treatment; Secondary Prevention	HIV+ African-American MSMW with history of CSA	Childhood Sexual Abuse	Individual	Reduce sexual risk behaviors Reduce number of partners; Reduce psychological symptoms; Improve HIV symptoms using neurohormone indicators (cortisol) and neopterin as an indicator of HIV progression	Reduced episodes of unprotected anal insertive sex Reduced depressive symptoms