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Common urine solutes*
| Solute | Units | Filtered per day | Urinary excretion, per day |
Percent of filtered load excreted in urine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | L | 180 | ~1 | ~0.6 % |
| Na+ | mmol | 25,200 | 100–200 | 0.4 – 0.8 % |
| K+ | mmol | 720 | 60 | 8.3 % |
| HCO3− | mmol | 4,320 | 0 | 0 % |
| Ammonia | mmol | 4.3 | 30 | ~700 % |
Calculations are based upon normal adult glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 120 mL/min, serum Na+ 140 mmol/liter, serum K+ 4.0 mmol/L, serum bicarbonate 24 mmol/L. Urinary solute excretion is variable, and typical norms are shown.
