Figure 2. Immunofluorescence analysis of HDPCs. Expression of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers on (a) HDPCs-OG, (b) HDPCs-ED, and (c) HDPCs-Combined, respectively. Each value in the histogram represents an average % mean positivity of the specific marker above the isotype control from three independent experiments. HDPCs, human dental pulp cells; HDPCs-OG, HDPCs were isolated by the outgrowth method; HDPCs-ED, HDPCs were isolated by the enzymatic digestion method (collagenase/dispase/trypsin); HDPCs-Combined, HDPCs were isolated by the combination of both methods.