Table 3. Risk estimates for the intake of different dietary factors and microscopic colitis.
| Quartiles | Quartile range | Crude HR | 95% CI | Adjusted HR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protein (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽14.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 14.02–15.53 | 1.24 | (0.76–2.04) | 1.22 | (0.74–2.00) |
| 3 | 15.54–17.20 | 1.31 | (0.80–2.14) | 1.23 | (0.75–2.03) |
| 4 | ⩾17.21 | 1.25 | (0.76–2.06) | 1.26 | (0.69–1.88) |
| P for trend | 0.372 | 0.641 | |||
| Carbohydrates (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽41.11 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 41.12–44.90 | 0.85 | (0.52–1.38) | 0.87 | (0.53–1.41) |
| 3 | 44.91–48.66 | 0.87 | (0.54–1.41) | 0.89 | (0.55–1.45) |
| 4 | ⩾48.67 | 1.09 | (0.69–1.71) | 1.14 | (0.72–1.81) |
| P for trend | 0.700 | 0.565 | |||
| Sucrose (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽6.08 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 6.09–8.04 | 0.87 | (0.53–1.44) | 0.81 | (0.49–1.35) |
| 3 | 8.05–10.34 | 1.12 | (0.70–1.80) | 1.03 | (0.63–1.66) |
| 4 | ⩾10.35 | 1.17 | (0.73–1.87) | 1.06 | (0.65–1.71) |
| P for trend | 0.345 | 0.782 | |||
| Fat (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽33.56 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 33.57–37.54 | 0.75 | (0.47–1.20) | 0.75 | (0.47–1.20) |
| 3 | 37.55–41.57 | 0.80 | (0.50–1.27) | 0.80 | (0.50–1.28) |
| 4 | ⩾41.58 | 0.82 | (0.52–1.30) | 0.82 | (0.51–1.30) |
| P for trend | 0.433 | 0.454 | |||
| Saturated fatty acids (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽13.59 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 13.60–15.73 | 0.86 | (0.54–1.38) | 0.82 | (0.51–1.32) |
| 3 | 15.74–18.32 | 0.90 | (0.56–1.43) | 0.83 | (0.52–1.33) |
| 4 | ⩾18.33 | 0.90 | (0.56–1.40) | 0.80 | (0.50–1.29) |
| P for trend | 0.699 | 0.394 | |||
| Monounsaturated fatty acids (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽11.64 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 11.65–13.09 | 0.78 | (0.49–1.24) | 0.77 | (0.48–1.23) |
| 3 | 13.10–14.53 | 0.87 | (0.55–1.37) | 0.89 | (0.56–1.40) |
| 4 | ⩾14.54 | 0.71 | (0.44–1.15) | 0.75 | (0.46–1.22) |
| P for trend | 0.232 | 0.346 | |||
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽4.85 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 4.86–5.77 | 0.98 | (0.61–1.55) | 1.05 | (0.66–1.66) |
| 3 | 5.78–6.83 | 0.82 | (0.51–1.32) | 0.93 | (0.57–1.50) |
| 4 | ⩾6.84 | 0,85 | (0.53–1.36) | 1.00 | (0.62–1.63) |
| P for trend | 0.380 | 0.899 | |||
| Omega-3 (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽0.77 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 0.78–0.92 | 0.71 | (0.44–1.14) | 0.70 | (0.44–1.13) |
| 3 | 0.93–1.12 | 0.71 | (0.44–1.15) | 0.71 | (0.44–1.15) |
| 4 | ⩾1.13 | 0.90 | (0.58–1.41) | 0.89 | (0.57–1.41) |
| P for trend | 0.630 | 0.625 | |||
| Omega-6 (E%) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽3.80 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 3.81–4.63 | 0.89 | (0.56–1.40) | 0.85 | (0.61–1.51) |
| 3 | 4.64–5.60 | 0.74 | (0.46–1.19) | 0.84 | (0.52–1.34) |
| 4 | ⩾5.61 | 0.69 | (0.43–1.11) | 0.84 | (0.51–1.36) |
| P for trend | 0.091 | 0.383 | |||
| Fibre (mg/MJ) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽1.78 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 1.79–2.15 | 1.36 | (0.85–2.17) | 1.32 | (0.82–2.11) |
| 3 | 2.16–2.59 | 0.79 | (0.47–1.34) | 0.74 | (0.44–1.27) |
| 4 | ⩾2.60 | 1.04 | (0.64–1.69) | 0.93 | (0.57–1.54) |
| P for trend | 0.573 | 0.320 | |||
| Zinc (mg/MJ) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽1.11 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 1.12–1.25 | 0.77 | (0.46–1.28) | 0.80 | (0.48–1.34) |
| 3 | 1.26–1.45 | 1.12 | (0.71–1.78) | 1.19 | (0.75–1.90) |
| 4 | ⩾1.46 | 1.07 | (0.67–1.71) | 1.01 | (0.66–1.68) |
| P for trend | 0.455 | 0.493 | |||
| Total zinca (mg) | |||||
| 1 | ⩽9.18 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 9.19–11.37 | 1.10 | (0.71–1.71) | 1.30 | (0.83–2.03) |
| 3 | 11.38–14.70 | 0.65 | (0.40–1.08) | 0.98 | (0.59–1.64) |
| 4 | ⩾14.71 | 0.75 | (0.46–1.21) | 1.12 | (0.68–1.82) |
| P for trend | 0.074 | 0.912 | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; E%=Energy percent; HR, hazard ratio. The HR was estimated through Cox proportional-hazards regression models with corresponding 95% CIs. HR (95% CI) is stated for quartiles of intake. Variables were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, season and method version. N cases: 135; N non-cases: 27 960. A general linear model was used to calculate P for trend. The quartiles were used as continuous variables.
a
Including supplementary zinc intake.