Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristic | Before matching |
After matching |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No LTBIa (n = 4,499) | LTBIa (n = 430) | P valueb | No LTBIa (n = 430) | LTBIa (n = 430) | P valueb | |
| Age in years | 45 (30–61) | 59 (45–68) | <0.001c | 58 (45–68) | 59 (45–68) | 0.966 |
| Male sex | 2,206 (49) | 254 (59.1) | <0.001c | 251 (58.4) | 254 (59.1) | 0.835 |
| Race | <0.001c | |||||
| Mexican American | 432 (9.6) | 64 (14.8) | 63 (14.7) | 64 (14.8) | 0.999 | |
| Other Hispanic | 423 (9.4) | 78 (18.1) | 81 (18.8) | 78 (18.1) | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,807 (40.2) | 63 (14.7) | 63 (14.7) | 63 (14.7) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,183 (26.3) | 95 (22.1) | 93 (21.6) | 95 (22.1) | ||
| Other including multi-race | 654 (14.5) | 130 (30.2) | 130 (30.2) | 130 (30.2) | ||
| Hypertension | 1,387 (30.8) | 155 (36.1) | 0.026c | 178 (41.4) | 155 (36.1) | 0.107 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 539 (11.9) | 78 (18.1) | <0.001c | 75 (17.4) | 78 (18.1) | 0.789 |
| Current smoker | 854 (18.9) | 86 (20) | 0.608 | 66 (15.4) | 86 (20) | 0.074 |
| HIV antibody testing | <0.001c | |||||
| Positive | 14 (0.3) | — | — | — | ||
| Negative | 3,141 (69.8) | — | — | — | ||
| Not done | 1,344 (29.9) | — | — | — | ||
| Body mass index (BMI), kg/m2 | 27.6 (23.8–32.2) | 27.2 (24.1–31.7) | 0.641 | 27.7 (24.3–32) | 27.2 (24–31.7) | 0.205 |
| Weight categories by BMI | 0.665 | 0.228 | ||||
| Underweight (BMI <18.5) | 93 (2.1) | 9 (2.1) | 3 (7.1) | 9 (2.1) | ||
| Normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9) | 1,364 (30.8) | 136 (31.9) | 118 (27.9) | 136 (31.9) | ||
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9) | 1,390 (31.4) | 142 (33.3) | 152 (35.9) | 142 (33.3) | ||
| Obesity (BMI 30–39.9) | 1,284 (28.9) | 117 (27.5) | 121 (28.6) | 117 (27.5) | ||
| Morbid obesity (BMI ≥40) | 298 (6.7) | 22 (5.2) | 29 (6.9) | 22 (5.2) | ||
| Fasting glucose (mg/mL) | 99 (91–108) | 102 (95–118.5) | <0.001c | 103 (94–116) | 102 (95–119) | 0.857 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.5 (5.2–5.9) | 5.7 (5.4–6.2) | <0.001c | 5.7 (5.4–6.1) | 5.7 (5.4–6.2) | 0.710 |
| Hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% | 481 (10.7) | 81 (18.8) | <0.001c | 72 (16.7) | 81 (18.8) | 0.422 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 188 (162–216) | 192 (168–222) | 0.019c | 193 (166–249) | 192 (168–222) | 0.662 |
| Direct HDL | 50 (42–61) | 49 (41–59) | 0.029c | 49 (41–57) | 49 (41–59) | 0.985 |
| Direct LDL, mg/dL | 111 (87–135) | 111 (89–138) | 0.874 | 113 (92–137) | 111 (89–138) | 0.341 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 100 (72–147) | 111 (82–148) | 0.034c | 114.5 (81–157) | 111 (82–148) | 0.621 |
| Total cholesterol >200 mg/dL | 1,768 (39.3) | 192 (44.7) | 0.030 | 190 (44.2) | 192 (44.7) | 0.891 |
| Total LDL >130mg/dL | 612 (28.6) | 59 (29.8) | 0.724 | 65 (30.5) | 59 (29.8) | 0.874 |
| Total HDL <40 mg/dL | 774 (17.2) | 86 (20) | 0.144 | 75 (17.4) | 86 (20) | 0.336 |
| Triglycerides >150 mg/dL | 517 (23.7) | 48 (24) | 0.933 | 62 (28.7) | 48 (24) | 0.277 |
| Lymphocyte count, 1000 cells/uL | 2 (1.6–2.4) | 2 (1.6–2.4) | 0.523 | 1.9 (1.6–2.4) | 2 (1.6–2.4) | 0.154 |
a
Data presented as number of observations (%) or median (interquartile range)
b
Chi-square test for categorical variables; Mann-Whitney test for numeric variables
c
P <0.05, statistically significant