Table 2.
Efficacy of warfarin in preventing ischemic strokes in CKD patients with atrial fibrillation
| Study | Country | Design | N | Adjusted HR for Ischemic Stroke (95% CI) | Comments |
| Banerjee et al., 2014 (9) | France | Retrospective | 5912 (2982 with eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and 1550 on warfarin) | 0.79 (0.44 to 1.42)a | 1) Proteinuria data not available. |
| 2) Small number of patients with eGFR≤30 ml/min per 1.73 m2. | |||||
| Carrero et al., 2014 (8) | Sweden | Prospective | 24317 (5292 on warfarin) | eGFR>30–60 ml/min per 1.73 m2: 0.73 (0.66 to 0.80); | 1) Postmyocardial infarct cohort so results may not be generalizable. |
| eGFR>15–30 ml/min per 1.73 m2: 0.84 (0.70 to 1.02); | 2) GFR was determined by only one creatinine value. Potential for misclassification. | ||||
| eGFR≤15 ml/min per 1.73 m2: 0.57 (0.37 to 0.86) | 3) No INR data. | ||||
| 4) No data on duration of warfarin therapy or discontinuation rate. | |||||
| 5) Short follow-up 1 yr. | |||||
| Lai et al., 2009 (10) | United States | Retrospective | 399 (232 on warfarin) | 0.71 (0.43 to 1.16)a | 1) Unclear if incident atrial fibrillation population was studied. |
| 2) Hemodialysis patients were grouped together with other CKD stages. | |||||
| Olesen et al., 2012 (5) | Denmark | Retrospective | 3587 (609 on warfarin) | 0.84 (0.69 to 1.01) | 1) CKD identified by ICD code. |
| 2) GFR was determined by only one creatinine value. Potential for misclassification. | |||||
| 3) No INR data. | |||||
| 4) Unable to differentiate CKD stages. |
HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95 % confidence interval; INR, international normalized ratio; ICD, International Classification of Diseases.
a
Hazard ratio taken from reference Dahal et al. (12).